How to format your references using the Progress in Nuclear Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Nuclear Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cohen, P., 2000. How to make diplomats scientifically literate. Nature 405, 116.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vollmer, D., Butt, H.-J., 2015. Materials science: Droplets leap into action. Nature 527, 41–42.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cao, A., Romanowicz, B., Takeuchi, N., 2005. An observation of PKJKP: inferences on inner core shear properties. Science 308, 1453–1455.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hsu, L.-C., Park, J.M., Zhang, K., Luo, J.-L., Maeda, S., Kaufman, R.J., Eckmann, L., Guiney, D.G., Karin, M., 2004. The protein kinase PKR is required for macrophage apoptosis after activation of Toll-like receptor 4. Nature 428, 341–345.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chen, C.J., 2011. Physics of Solar Energy. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Liamputtong, P. (Ed.), 2013. Stigma, Discrimination and Living with HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Carretta, P., Keren, A., 2011. NMR and µSR in Highly Frustrated Magnets, in: Lacroix, C., Mendels, P., Mila, F. (Eds.), Introduction to Frustrated Magnetism: Materials, Experiments, Theory, Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 79–105.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Nuclear Energy.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Obesity In Teenage Years Linked With Bowel Cancer Later In Life [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2005. Commercial Aviation: Survey of Small Community Air Service Grantees and Applicants, an E-supplement to GAO-06-21 (No. GAO-06-101SP). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rutherford, K.B., 2017. 500 Year Chenier, Architecture, Cultural Identity, and Land Change “Identification in a Dynamic Place” (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis, J., 2016. A Blind Man Leans on His Faith as a Source of Encouragement. New York Times A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cohen, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Cohen, 2000; Vollmer and Butt, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vollmer and Butt, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Hsu et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Nuclear Energy
Abbreviation	Prog. Nuclear Energy
ISSN (print)	0149-1970
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Nuclear Energy and Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality Waste Management and Disposal

Research and Writing Guides