How to format your references using the Progress in Nuclear Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Nuclear Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Grayson, M., 2010. Parkinson’s disease. Nature 466, S1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Trujillo, C.A., Sheppard, S.S., 2014. A Sedna-like body with a perihelion of 80 astronomical units. Nature 507, 471–474.

A journal article with 3 authors

Aggarwal, P.K., Basu, A.R., Kulkarni, K.M., 2003. Comment on “Arsenic Mobility and Groundwater Extraction in Bangladesh” (I). Science 300, 584; author reply 584.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Srinivasarao, M., Collings, D., Philips, A., Patel, S., 2001. Three-dimensionally ordered array of air bubbles in a polymer film. Science 292, 79–83.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fiorenzani, S., Ravelli, S., Edoli, E., 2012. The Handbook of Energy Trading. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, UK.

An edited book

Zhai, M. (Ed.), 2015. Precambrian Geology of China, 1st ed. 2015. ed, Springer Geology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Nogueira, F.T.S., 2014. Tomato Epigenetics: Deciphering the “Beyond” Genetic Information in a Vegetable Fleshy-Fruited Crop, in: De la Peña, C., Casas-Mollano, J.A. (Eds.), Epigenetics in Plants of Agronomic Importance: Fundamentals and Applications: Transcriptional Regulation and Chromatin Remodelling in Plants. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 71–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Nuclear Energy.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2014. MERS Virus Emerges In US [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/mers-virus-emerges-us/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2005. Information Technology: OMB Can More Effectively Use Its Investment Reviews (No. GAO-05-571T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Villagomez, G.C., 2017. Helping Foster Parents and Kinship Caregivers Support High School Graduation for Children in Their Care: A Self-Instructional Workbook (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J., 2016. In Cleveland’s Revival, They Were Champions First. New York Times B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Grayson, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Grayson, 2010; Trujillo and Sheppard, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Trujillo and Sheppard, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Srinivasarao et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Nuclear Energy
Abbreviation	Prog. Nuclear Energy
ISSN (print)	0149-1970
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Nuclear Energy and Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality Waste Management and Disposal