How to format your references using the Progress in Nuclear Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Nuclear Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Meselson, M., 2012. Retrospective. Paul Mead Doty (1920-2011). Science 335, 181.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kronenberg, M., Havran, W.L., 2014. Immunology: oiling the wheels of autoimmunity. Nature 506, 42–43.

A journal article with 3 authors

Steck, D.A., Oskay, W.H., Raizen, M.G., 2001. Observation of chaos-assisted tunneling between islands of stability. Science 293, 274–278.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Joh, H.M., Choi, J.Y., Kim, S.J., Chung, T.H., Kang, T.-H., 2014. Effect of additive oxygen gas on cellular response of lung cancer cells induced by atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet. Sci. Rep. 4, 6638.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hofmeyr, G.J., Neilson, J.P., Alfirevic, Z., Crowther, C.A., Gülmezoglu, A.M., Hodnett, E.D., Gyte, G.M.L., Duley, L., 2008. A Cochrane Pocketbook: Pregnancy and Childbirth. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Bahadori, A., 2013. Essentials of Water Systems Design in the Oil, Gas, and Chemical Processing Industries, SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Strang, J., 2010. Theoria and Logical Empiricism On the tensions between the National and the International in Philosophy, in: Manninen, J., Stadler, F. (Eds.), The Vienna Circle in the Nordic Countries, Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 69–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Nuclear Energy.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Tyrannosaurs Ate One Another [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/tyrannosaur-fossil-shows-evidence-cannibalism/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2007. Information Technology: Homeland Security Information Network Needs to Be Better Coordinated with Key State and Local Initiatives (No. GAO-07-822T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Villegas, B., 2009. The optimization and characterization of superconducting magnesium diboride thin films (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Fernandez, M., Kulish, N., Anasagasti, S., 2017. For Migrants, Peril on 18 Wheels; For Smugglers, a Profit Machine. New York Times A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Meselson, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Kronenberg and Havran, 2014; Meselson, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kronenberg and Havran, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Joh et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Nuclear Energy
Abbreviation	Prog. Nuclear Energy
ISSN (print)	0149-1970
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Nuclear Energy and Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality Waste Management and Disposal