How to format your references using the Progress in Nuclear Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Nuclear Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ron, D., 2006. Cell biology. Stressed cells cope with protein overload. Science 313, 52–53.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pulk, A., Cate, J.H.D., 2013. Control of ribosomal subunit rotation by elongation factor G. Science 340, 1235970.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sun, A., Lauher, J.W., Goroff, N.S., 2006. Preparation of poly(diiododiacetylene), an ordered conjugated polymer of carbon and iodine. Science 312, 1030–1034.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kim, A.S., Kakalis, L.T., Abdul-Manan, N., Liu, G.A., Rosen, M.K., 2000. Autoinhibition and activation mechanisms of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein. Nature 404, 151–158.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abutarbush, S.M., 2015. Illustrated Guide to Equine Diseases. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Ames, Iowa, USA.

An edited book

Max, M.D., 2016. Exploration and Production of Oceanic Natural Gas Hydrate: Critical Factors for Commercialization. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Borgaonkar, R., Redon, K., Seifert, J.-P., 2012. Experimental Analysis of the Femtocell Location Verification Techniques, in: Aura, T., Järvinen, K., Nyberg, K. (Eds.), Information Security Technology for Applications: 15th Nordic Conference on Secure IT Systems, NordSec 2010, Espoo, Finland, October 27-29, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 49–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Nuclear Energy.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. The Ethics Of ‘Gifted’ Genes: The Road To Gattaca? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/ethics-gifted-genes-road-gattaca/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1972. Effectiveness and Management of Neighborhood Youth Corps In-School Program at Three Locations (No. 089473). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zhang, X., 2012. Electroweak interactions and the delta resonance in a chiral effective field theory for nuclei (Doctoral dissertation). Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K., 2001. Hotel Developer Recasts Himself As an Angel for Old Synagogues. New York Times 144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ron, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Pulk and Cate, 2013; Ron, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pulk and Cate, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Kim et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Nuclear Energy
Abbreviation	Prog. Nuclear Energy
ISSN (print)	0149-1970
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Nuclear Energy and Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality Waste Management and Disposal