How to format your references using the Progress in Materials Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Materials Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Klibanov AM. Improving enzymes by using them in organic solvents. Nature 2001;409:241–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Baron CL, Malhotra V. Role of diacylglycerol in PKD recruitment to the TGN and protein transport to the plasma membrane. Science 2002;295:325–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Heiling AM, Herberstein ME, Chittka L. Pollinator attraction: Crab-spiders manipulate flower signals. Nature 2003;421:334.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Jordan P, Fromme P, Witt HT, Klukas O, Saenger W, Krauss N. Three-dimensional structure of cyanobacterial photosystem I at 2.5 A resolution. Nature 2001;411:909–17.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Bonneau D, Fatu A, Souchet D. Mixed Lubrication in Hydrodynamic Bearings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Casas F, Martínez V, editors. Advances in Differential Equations and Applications. vol. 4. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Hafner JE. Hermann Grassmann’s theory of religion and faith. In: Petsche H-J, Lewis AC, Liesen J, Russ S, editors. From Past to Future: Graßmann’s Work in Context: Graßmann Bicentennial Conference, September 2009, Basel: Springer; 2011, p. 37–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Materials Science.

Blog post

[1]

Hamilton K. Falling In Love In Virtual Reality Could Be A Deeper Experience Than Real Life. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/falling-in-love-in-virtual-reality-could-be-a-deeper-experience-than-real-life/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Consolidated Education Planning: State Education Agencies’ Implementation of Consolidated Planning at the Local Level. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Wylie RW. Response to Intervention: A Study of Intervention Programs in Rural Secondary Schools. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

St. John Mandel E. Brave New World. New York Times 2016:BR9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Materials Science
Abbreviation	Prog. Mater. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0079-6425
Scope	General Materials Science