How to format your references using the Progress in Energy and Combustion Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Cohen JE. Human population: the next half century. Science 2003;302:1172–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Akeda Y, Galán JE. Chaperone release and unfolding of substrates in type III secretion. Nature 2005;437:911–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Lu N, Ji A, Cao Z. Nearly constant electrical resistance over large temperature range in Cu3NMx (M = Cu, Ag, Au) compounds. Sci Rep 2013;3:3090.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Cui H, Chen Z, Zhong S, Wooley KL, Pochan DJ. Block copolymer assembly via kinetic control. Science 2007;317:647–50.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Baban TM. Shallow Foundations. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Heck A, editor. Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy Volume 6. vol. 335. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Akkermans B. Property Law. In: Hage J, Akkermans B, editors. Introduction to Law, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014, p. 71–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Energy and Combustion Science.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. Japan’s Failed Hitomi Spacecraft Managed To Observe A Supermassive Black Hole Before It Died. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/japans-failed-hitomi-spacecraft-managed-to-observe-a-supermassive-black-hole-before-it-died/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Environmental Protection: EPA’s Science and Technology Funds. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Crosby WO. ATI v. Colorado: How the Commerce Clause Provides Guidance at the Confluence of Energy, Environmental, and Constitutional Law. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Vecsey G. How Broken Must College Football Be to Fix It? New York Times 2010:B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Energy and Combustion Science
Abbreviation	Prog. Energy Combust. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0360-1285
Scope	General Chemical Engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology Fuel Technology

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