How to format your references using the Progress in Biomaterials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Biomaterials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Narbonne GM (2004) Modular construction of early Ediacaran complex life forms. Science 305:1141–1144

A journal article with 2 authors

Ohlstein B, Spradling A (2007) Multipotent Drosophila intestinal stem cells specify daughter cell fates by differential notch signaling. Science 315:988–992

A journal article with 3 authors

Nestle FO, Speidel H, Speidel MO (2002) Metallurgy: high nickel release from 1- and 2-euro coins. Nature 419:132

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Desforges J-P, Hall A, McConnell B, et al (2018) Predicting global killer whale population collapse from PCB pollution. Science 361:1373–1376

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smith IM, Griffiths DV, Margetts L (2015) Programming the Finite Element Method. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Eemeren FH van, Houtlosser P, Henkemans AFS (eds) (2007) Argumentative Indicators in Discourse: A Pragma-Dialectical Study. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Molnar JA (2010) Application of VAC Therapy in Burn Injury. In: Hyakusoku H, Orgill DP, Teot L, et al. (eds) Color Atlas of Burn Reconstructive Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 16–21

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Biomaterials.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) Scientist Spotlight: Michael Collins. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/scientist-spotlight-michael-collins/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) Media Contracts: Activities and Financial Obligations for Seven Federal Departments. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alonzo CE (2010) Operation Uniting Families: Family treatment program a grant. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy MJO (2015) Weekend Entertainments From the Archives of The New York Times. New York Times C27

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Narbonne 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Narbonne 2004; Ohlstein and Spradling 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ohlstein and Spradling 2007)
Three or more authors: (Desforges et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Biomaterials
Abbreviation	Prog. Biomater.
ISSN (print)	2194-0509
ISSN (online)	2194-0517
Scope