How to format your references using the Comparative Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Comparative Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Aldhous P. 2000. Global warming could be bad news for Arctic ozone layer. Nature 404:531.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ruskov R, Tahan C. 2014. Quantum Processing. Catching the quantum sound wave. Science 346:165–166.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gizon L, Duvall TL, Schou J. 2003. Wave-like properties of solar supergranulation. Nature 421:43–44.

A journal article with 12 or more authors

Dong X-P, Cheng X, Mills E, Delling M, Wang F, Kurz T, Xu H. 2008. The type IV mucolipidosis-associated protein TRPML1 is an endolysosomal iron release channel. Nature 455:992–996.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gaisford S, Saunders M. 2012. Essentials of Pharmaceutical Preformulation. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Matei A. 2009. Variational Inequalities with Applications: A Study of Antiplane Frictional Contact Problems. Sofonea M, editor. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Raj SNR, Mahapatra MK. 2009. On Measuring Productivity Growth in Indian Industry: Analysis of Organized and Unorganized Sector in Selected Major States, p 81–104. In: Lee J-D, Heshmati A, editors. Productivity, Efficiency, and Economic Growth in the Asia-Pacific Region. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Comparative Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2015. University of Cambridge is Recruiting for a Professor of LEGO. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1993. Direct Student Loan Savings. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Belcher JT. 2009. Optimism, psychological well-being, and quality of life in females with Fibromyalgia Syndrome, Doctoral dissertation. Minneapolis, MN: Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Johnson G. 2014. New Truths That Only One Can See. New York Times :D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^2,4.
This sentence cites four references ^2,6,7,8.

About the journal

Full journal title	Comparative Medicine
Abbreviation	Comp. Med.
ISSN (print)	1532-0820
Scope	General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Veterinary