How to format your references using the Progress in Artificial Intelligence citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Artificial Intelligence. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Scudellari, M.: Drug development: Mix and match. Nature. 521, S12-4 (2015)

A journal article with 2 authors

Koester, H.J., Johnston, D.: Target cell-dependent normalization of transmitter release at neocortical synapses. Science. 308, 863–866 (2005)

A journal article with 3 authors

Zheng, H., Wisedchaisri, G., Gonen, T.: Crystal structure of a nitrate/nitrite exchanger. Nature. 497, 647–651 (2013)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Robert, A., Sirjean, O., Browaeys, A., Poupard, J., Nowak, S., Boiron, D., Westbrook, C.I., Aspect, A.: A Bose-Einstein condensate of metastable atoms. Science. 292, 461–464 (2001)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Richter, D.H.: Reading the Eighteenth-Century Novel. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2017)

An edited book

Vink, J.S. ed: Very Massive Stars in the Local Universe. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2015)

A chapter in an edited book

Arora, R., Brun, C.M.C., Azzalin, C.M.: TERRA: Long Noncoding RNA at Eukaryotic Telomeres. In: Ugarkovic, D. (ed.) Long Non-Coding RNAs. pp. 65–94. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2011)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Artificial Intelligence.

Blog post

Andrew, D.: If We Find ET, Don’t Talk To It, Says The Man Who Wants To Find ET, https://www.iflscience.com/space/if-we-find-et-dont-talk-to-it-says-the-man-who-wants-to-find-et/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Space Acquisitions: DOD Poised to Enhance Space Capabilities, but Persistent Challenges Remain in Developing Space Systems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2010)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tang, J.: Understanding the college experiences of Cambodian American students, (2013)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K.: North, South, North Again . . . A Street Tries to Make Up Its Mind, (2002)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Artificial Intelligence
Abbreviation	Prog. Artif. Intell.
ISSN (print)	2192-6352
ISSN (online)	2192-6360
Scope	Artificial Intelligence