How to format your references using the Progress in Artificial Intelligence citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Artificial Intelligence. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

May, R.M.: Ecology. Tropical arthropod species, more or less? Science. 329, 41–42 (2010)

A journal article with 2 authors

Xia, Y., Gong, J.-P.: Impact of recombinant globular adiponectin on early warm ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat bile duct after liver transplantation. Sci. Rep. 4, 6426 (2014)

A journal article with 3 authors

Jan, C.H., Williams, C.C., Weissman, J.S.: Principles of ER cotranslational translocation revealed by proximity-specific ribosome profiling. Science. 346, 1257521 (2014)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Scorrano, L., Oakes, S.A., Opferman, J.T., Cheng, E.H., Sorcinelli, M.D., Pozzan, T., Korsmeyer, S.J.: BAX and BAK regulation of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+: a control point for apoptosis. Science. 300, 135–139 (2003)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dauphiné, A.: Fractal Geography. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ (2012)

An edited book

Ratto, C., Doglietto, G.B., Lowry, A.C., Påhlman, L., Romano, G. eds: Fecal Incontinence: Diagnosis and Treatment. Springer, Milano (2007)

A chapter in an edited book

Cristofolini, L.: Overview of Digital Image Correlation. In: Olmi, G. and Cristofolini, L. (eds.) Experimental Stress Analysis for Materials and Structures: Stress Analysis Models for Developing Design Methodologies. pp. 187–213. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2015)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Artificial Intelligence.

Blog post

Andrew, D.: Here’s What Could Happen To Earth Over The Next 500 Years If We Ignore Climate Change

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: European Aeronautics: Strong Government Presence in Industry Structure and Research and Development Support. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1994)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wahl, S.E.: Registered nurse preceptorship orientation: A study of the relationship between burnout rates of new graduates and number of preceptors worked with in the clinical orientation phase, (2008)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron, J.: The Coda to a Remarkable Career: Barbara Cook Has Retired, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Artificial Intelligence
Abbreviation	Prog. Artif. Intell.
ISSN (print)	2192-6352
ISSN (online)	2192-6360
Scope	Artificial Intelligence