How to format your references using the Journal of Vision citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Vision. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kreeger, K. (2003). Access delayed. Nature, 422(6927), 96–97.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tirlapur, U. K., & König, K. (2002). Targeted transfection by femtosecond laser. Nature, 418(6895), 290–291.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shih, W. M., Quispe, J. D., & Joyce, G. F. (2004). A 1.7-kilobase single-stranded DNA that folds into a nanoscale octahedron. Nature, 427(6975), 618–621.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Chen, L., Chetkovich, D. M., Petralia, R. S., Sweeney, N. T., Kawasaki, Y., Wenthold, R. J., Bredt, D. S., & Nicoll, R. A. (2000). Stargazin regulates synaptic targeting of AMPA receptors by two distinct mechanisms. Nature, 408(6815), 936–943.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Huzurbazar, A. V. (2004). Flowgraph Models for Multistate Time-to-Event Data: Huzurbazar/Flowgraph Models. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Escobar, S. (Ed.). (2010). Functional and Constraint Logic Programming: 18th International Workshop, WFLP 2009, Brasilia, Brazil, June 28, 2009, Revised Selected Papers (Vol. 5979). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Ruohomaa, S., Hankalahti, A., & Kutvonen, L. (2011). Detecting and Reacting to Changes in Reputation Flows. In I. Wakeman, E. Gudes, C. D. Jensen, & J. Crampton (Eds.), Trust Management V: 5th IFIP WG 11.11 International Conference, IFIPTM 2011, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 29 – July 1, 2011. Proceedings (pp. 19–34). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Vision.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, October 20). Infographic: How UK Health Spending Compares to Other Countries. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2008). Digital Television Transition: Information on the Implementation of the Converter Box Subsidy Program and Consumer Participation in the Program (GAO-08-1161T). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fisher, J. D. (2015). A profile of the chief student affairs officers of the California State University system [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Searcey, D. (2017, May 6). Boko Haram Frees Taken Girls, Nigeria Says. New York Times, A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kreeger, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Kreeger, 2003; Tirlapur & König, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tirlapur & König, 2002)
Three authors: (Shih et al., 2004)
6 or more authors: (Chen et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Vision
Abbreviation	J. Vis.
ISSN (online)	1534-7362
Scope	Ophthalmology Sensory Systems

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