How to format your references using the Progress in Additive Manufacturing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Additive Manufacturing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Falkowski P (2012) Ocean Science: The power of plankton. Nature 483:S17-20

A journal article with 2 authors

Byers J, Dunn S (2013) Response to comments on “Bateman in nature: predation on offspring reduces the potential for sexual selection.” Science 340:549

A journal article with 3 authors

Baum P, Yang D-S, Zewail AH (2007) 4D visualization of transitional structures in phase transformations by electron diffraction. Science 318:788–792

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Goto-Inoue N, Yamada K, Inagaki A, et al (2013) Lipidomics analysis revealed the phospholipid compositional changes in muscle by chronic exercise and high-fat diet. Sci Rep 3:3267

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bitam S, Mellouk A (2014) Bio-Inspired Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Tapper T (2011) Oxford, the Collegiate University: Conflict, Consensus and Continuity. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Ong ST, Chew FT (2010) Reconstructing the Repertoire of Mite Allergens by Recombinant DNA Technology. In: Pawankar R, Holgate ST, Rosenwasser LJ (eds) Allergy Frontiers: Future Perspectives. Springer Japan, Tokyo, pp 49–64

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Additive Manufacturing.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2017) Lifelong Protection From Severe Allergies Could Be Possible With New Treatment. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1976) Status of Budget Authority Involved in Three Rescissions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chalmers TD (2009) The social context of advertising: Authenticity, social identity, and reflected appraisals. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J (2017) Mets Lose Out on a Sweep as Familia and Flores Don’t Have It. New York Times B11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Additive Manufacturing
Abbreviation	Prog. Addit. Manuf.
ISSN (print)	2363-9512
ISSN (online)	2363-9520
Scope