How to format your references using the Proceedings of the Zoological Society citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Proceedings of the Zoological Society. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cripton, Peter A. 2013. Perspective: Protecting the neck. Nature 503: S13.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jellinek, A. Mark, and Michael Manga. 2002. The influence of a chemical boundary layer on the fixity, spacing and lifetime of mantle plumes. Nature 418: 760–763.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pavlidis, Ioannis, Norman L. Eberhardt, and James A. Levine. 2002. Seeing through the face of deception. Nature 415: 35.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Piatkevich, Kiryl D., Vladimir N. Malashkevich, Kateryna S. Morozova, Nicolai A. Nemkovich, Steven C. Almo, and Vladislav V. Verkhusha. 2013. Extended Stokes shift in fluorescent proteins: chromophore-protein interactions in a near-infrared TagRFP675 variant. Scientific reports 3: 1847.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sedivy, Julie, and Greg Carlson. 2011. Sold on Language. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Swoboda, Bernhard, Dirk Morschett, Thomas Rudolph, Peter Schnedlitz, and Hanna Schramm-Klein, ed. 2009. European Retail Research. European Retail Research. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag.

A chapter in an edited book

Traverso, Giulia, Denise Demirel, and Johannes Buchmann. 2016. Suitable Homomorphic Signature Schemes for eVoting, Smart Grids, and eHealth. In Homomorphic Signature Schemes: A Survey, ed. Denise Demirel and Johannes Buchmann, 53–58. SpringerBriefs in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Proceedings of the Zoological Society.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. 2017. Stem Cells Show Promise – But They Also Have A Darker Side. IFLScience. IFLScience. May 27.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1998. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Office of Thrift Supervision’s Efforts to Ensure Thrift Systems Are Year 2000 Compliant. T-AIMD-98-102. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lima, Ana Andrade. 2009. Racial and cultural identity formation of low-income Brazilian youth of African descent through their experiences and perceptions in formal and informal schools. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, Mary. 2010. It’s Good to Have Best Sellers. New York Times, May 27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cripton 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Jellinek and Manga 2002; Cripton 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jellinek and Manga 2002)
Three or more authors: (Piatkevich et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Proceedings of the Zoological Society
Abbreviation	Proc. Zool. Soc.
ISSN (print)	0373-5893
ISSN (online)	0974-6919
Scope