How to format your references using the Proceedings of the IEEE citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Proceedings of the IEEE. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Franz, “Physics. Crystalline electron pairs,” Science, vol. 305, no. 5689, pp. 1410–1411, Sep. 2004.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M. Arndt and C. Brand, “QUANTUM MECHANICS. Interference of atomic clocks,” Science, vol. 349, no. 6253, pp. 1168–1169, Sep. 2015.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

B. A. Grzybowski, H. A. Stone, and G. M. Whitesides, “Dynamic self-assembly of magnetized, millimetre-sized objects rotating at a liquid-air interface,” Nature, vol. 405, no. 6790, pp. 1033–1036, Jun. 2000.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Bradshaw, D. Ho, M. W. Fear, F. Gelain, F. M. Wood, and K. S. Iyer, “Designer self-assembling hydrogel scaffolds can impact skin cell proliferation and migration,” Sci. Rep., vol. 4, p. 6903, Nov. 2014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

W. Allsopp, Advanced Penetration Testing. Indianapolis, Indiana: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017.

An edited book

[1]

S. J. Lee, Y. Kim, and R. Phillips, Eds., Community Well-Being and Community Development: Conceptions and Applications. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

R. J. Campise-Luther and C. D. Diaz, “Pediatric Patients: Do Not Resuscitate Decisions,” in Ethical Issues in Anesthesiology and Surgery, B. G. Jericho, Ed. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015, pp. 59–66.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Proceedings of the IEEE.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, “Ultrasound Used To Create 3D Shapes In Mid Air That Can Be Seen And Felt,” IFLScience, Dec. 03, 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/ultrasound-used-create-3d-shapes-mid-air-can-be-seen-and-felt/ (accessed Oct. 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Transit Labor Arrangements: Most Transit Agencies Report Impacts Are Minimal,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-02-78, Nov. 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C. Panjabi, “Real and imagined immigrant identities in the public sphere: Representations of South Asian women in literary and television media,” Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Poniewozik, “Will He Let Loose the Hounds?,” New York Times, p. C5, Jun. 09, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1]–[4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Proceedings of the IEEE
Abbreviation	Proc. IEEE Inst. Electr. Electron. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0018-9219
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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