How to format your references using the Proceedings of the IEEE citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Proceedings of the IEEE. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Harris, “Soil microbial communities and restoration ecology: facilitators or followers?,” Science, vol. 325, no. 5940, pp. 573–574, Jul. 2009.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

E. G. Kovaleva and J. D. Lipscomb, “Crystal structures of Fe2+ dioxygenase superoxo, alkylperoxo, and bound product intermediates,” Science, vol. 316, no. 5823, pp. 453–457, Apr. 2007.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

H. G. Parker, L. Kruglyak, and E. A. Ostrander, “Molecular genetics: DNA analysis of a putative dog clone,” Nature, vol. 440, no. 7081, pp. E1-2, Mar. 2006.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

W. Wang et al., “MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism is associated with colorectal cancer risk,” Sci. Rep., vol. 4, p. 4851, May 2014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

S. Tanwir and H. Perros, VBR Video Traffic Models. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

J. Monaghan, Tools and Mathematics, vol. 110. in Mathematics Education Library, vol. 110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

W. Sheehan and C. J. Conselice, “Of Leviathans, Spirals, and Fire-Mists,” in Galactic Encounters: Our Majestic and Evolving Star-System, From the Big Bang to Time’s End, C. J. Conselice, Ed., New York, NY: Springer, 2015, pp. 79–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Proceedings of the IEEE.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, “Earliest Evidence Of Creating Specific Dog Breeds Found In Arctic Russia,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/earliest-evidence-of-creating-specific-dog-breeds-found-in-arctic-russia/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Toward Equality: Education of the Deaf,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 135760, Feb. 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

A. Shirley, “Connecting foster children with their siblings within a summer camp setting: A grant proposal,” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Haigney, “A Stolen de Kooning Emerges Decades Later,” New York Times, p. C3, Aug. 11, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Proceedings of the IEEE
Abbreviation	Proc. IEEE Inst. Electr. Electron. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0018-9219
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering