How to format your references using the Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice (POP). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lewin GR. Evolution. Natural selection and pain meet at a sodium channel. Science 2013;342(6157):428–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Moritz C, Agudo R. The future of species under climate change: resilience or decline? Science 2013;341(6145):504–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Duan LM, Cirac JI, Zoller P. Geometric manipulation of trapped ions for quantum computation. Science 2001;292(5522):1695–7.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Rappé MS, Connon SA, Vergin KL, et al. Cultivation of the ubiquitous SAR11 marine bacterioplankton clade. Nature 2002;418(6898):630–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Willatzen M, Lew Yan Voon LC. Separable Boundary-Value Problems in Physics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2011.

An edited book

Puig L. Omnidirectional Vision Systems: Calibration, Feature Extraction and 3D Information. London: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Awange JL, Grafarend EW, Paláncz B, et al. Groebner basis. in: Grafarend EW, Paláncz B, Zaletnyik P, editors. Algebraic Geodesy and Geoinformatics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 33–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice.

Blog post

Fang J. Why Do We Age? IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/disorganized-bundles-dna-reveal-news-clues-aging/. Accessed on October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Intellectual Property: Enhancements Needed in Computing and Reporting Patent Examination Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Comorau N. Postcolonial refashionings: Reading forms, reading novels. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kang C. What’s at Stake in the Discussions Between Comcast, Charter and Sprint. New York Times 2017:B7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice
Abbreviation	Prim. Care
ISSN (print)	0095-4543
ISSN (online)	1558-299X
Scope	Pharmacology (medical)