How to format your references using the Poultry Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Poultry Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Burbine, T. H. 2008. Planetary science. Identifying ancient asteroids. Science 320:457–458.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sun, F., and S. He. 2014. Extending the scanning angle of a phased array antenna by using a null-space medium. Sci. Rep. 4:6832.

A journal article with 3 authors

Grubb, P. J., D. A. Coomes, and D. J. Metcalfe. 2005. Comment on “A brief history of seed size.” Science 310:783; author reply 783.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Athanasiou, M., R. Smith, B. Liu, and T. Wang. 2014. Room temperature continuous-wave green lasing from an InGaN microdisk on silicon. Sci. Rep. 4:7250.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sewell, G. 2005. The Numerical Solution of Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Phillips-Wren, G., N. Ichalkaranje, and L. C. Jain (Eds). 2008. Intelligent Decision Making: An AI-Based Approach. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Idema, R., and D. J. P. Lahaye. 2014. Solving Nonlinear Systems of Equations.Pages 21–28 in Computational Methods in Power System Analysis. Lahaye, D.J.P., ed. Atlantis Studies in Scientific Computing in Electromagnetics. Atlantis Press, Paris.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Poultry Science.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. White House Requests $30 Million For Europa Mission. IFLScience Available at https://www.iflscience.com/space/white-house-requests-30-million-europa-mission/ (verified 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1977. The Federal Role in Merchant Marine Officer Education. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dasari, R. A. 2016. Automatic driving system by recognizing road signs using digital image processing.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. 2003. The Czar Didn’t Sleep Here. New York Times:F1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Burbine, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Burbine, 2008; Sun and He, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sun and He, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Athanasiou et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Poultry Science
Abbreviation	Poult. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0032-5791
ISSN (online)	1525-3171
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology General Medicine

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