How to format your references using the Poultry Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Poultry Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lynch, C. 2008. Big data: How do your data grow? Nature 455:28–29.

A journal article with 2 authors

Suzuki, S., and H. Kimura. 2013. Indirect reciprocity is sensitive to costs of information transfer. Sci. Rep. 3:1435.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kühlbrandt, W., J. Zeelen, and J. Dietrich. 2002. Structure, mechanism, and regulation of the Neurospora plasma membrane H+-ATPase. Science 297:1692–1696.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Perez, F. F., M. Fontela, M. I. García-Ibáñez, H. Mercier, A. Velo, P. Lherminier, P. Zunino, M. de la Paz, F. Alonso-Pérez, E. F. Guallart, and X. A. Padin. 2018. Meridional overturning circulation conveys fast acidification to the deep Atlantic Ocean. Nature 554:515–518.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Laster, B. 2016. Professional Git®. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA.

An edited book

Woolf, N. J. 2010. Nanoneuroscience: Structural and Functional Roles of the Neuronal Cytoskeleton in Health and Disease (A Priel and JA Tuszynski, Eds.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Tayaran, E., and A. Schiffauerova. 2012. The Role of Internal and External Sources of Knowledge in the Product Lifecycle in Biotechnology Sector.Pages 46–57 in Product Lifecycle Management. Towards Knowledge-Rich Enterprises: IFIP WG 5.1 International Conference, PLM 2012, Montreal, QC, Canada, July 9-11, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Rivest, L., Bouras, A., Louhichi, B., eds. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Poultry Science.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. 2016. NASA Is Launching An Incredible Mission To An Asteroid This Thursday. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1973. Training and Education Programs for Civilian Employees in the Federal Government. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chan, J. A. 2014. An in-home visitation program for Meals-on-Wheels recipients: A grant proposal.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. 2007. Police Say Mother Let Minors Drink Alcohol. New York Times:LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lynch, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Lynch, 2008; Suzuki and Kimura, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Suzuki and Kimura, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Perez et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Poultry Science
Abbreviation	Poult. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0032-5791
ISSN (online)	1525-3171
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology General Medicine