How to format your references using the Poultry Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Poultry Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zapperi, S. 2010. Physics. Looking at how things slip. Science 330:184–185.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chemla, Y. R., and T. Ha. 2014. Biophysics. Ultraslow relaxation of confined DNA. Science 345:380–381.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bolmatov, D., E. T. Musaev, and K. Trachenko. 2013. Symmetry breaking gives rise to energy spectra of three states of matter. Sci. Rep. 3:2794.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Milly, P. C. D., J. Betancourt, M. Falkenmark, R. M. Hirsch, Z. W. Kundzewicz, D. P. Lettenmaier, and R. J. Stouffer. 2008. Climate change. Stationarity is dead: whither water management? Science 319:573–574.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chitty, J., and A. Raftery. 2013. Essentials of Tortoise Medicine and Surgery. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Oxford.

An edited book

Brint, M. E. 2009. Integrated Science: New Approaches to Education (DJ Marcey and MC Shaw, Eds.). Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Ishikawa, J., K. Furuta, and N. Pavković. 2009. Test and Evaluation of Japanese GPR-EMI Dual Sensor Systems at the Benkovac Test Site in Croatia.Pages 63–81 in Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining: The Current Situation and Future Direction for Japanese Research and Development. Furuta, K., Ishikawa, J., eds. Springer, London.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Poultry Science.

Blog post

Taub, B. 2016. Scientists Are Growing Human Organs Inside Pigs. IFLScience Available at https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-are-growing-human-organs-inside-pigs/ (verified 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2007. Teacher Quality: Approaches, Implementation, and Evaluation of Key Federal Efforts. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Megowan, G. 2012. A correlation study of emotional intelligence and behavioral style of bio-pharmaceutical industry District Sales Managers.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Howe, S. H. 1904. Mandan Territory. New York Times:REVIEW OF BOOKSBR642.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zapperi, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Zapperi, 2010; Chemla and Ha, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chemla and Ha, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Milly et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Poultry Science
Abbreviation	Poult. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0032-5791
ISSN (online)	1525-3171
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology General Medicine