How to format your references using the Post-Soviet Affairs citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Post-Soviet Affairs. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P. 2001. “Asthma Study Death Spurs Inquiry.” Nature 411 (6840): 873.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ransohoff, Richard M., and Astrid E. Cardona. 2010. “The Myeloid Cells of the Central Nervous System Parenchyma.” Nature 468 (7321): 253–262.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cerda, E., K. Ravi-Chandar, and L. Mahadevan. 2002. “Thin Films. Wrinkling of an Elastic Sheet under Tension.” Nature 419 (6907): 579–580.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Rong, Haisheng, Richard Jones, Ansheng Liu, Oded Cohen, Dani Hak, Alexander Fang, and Mario Paniccia. 2005. “A Continuous-Wave Raman Silicon Laser.” Nature 433 (7027): 725–728.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Banks, Ron E., Julie M. Sharp, Sonia D. Doss, and Deborah A. Vanderford. 2016. Exotic Small Mammal Care and Husbandry. Ames, Iowa, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Müller, Bernhard, ed. 2011. German Annual of Spatial Research and Policy 2010: Urban Regional Resilience: How Do Cities and Regions Deal with Change? German Annual of Spatial Research and Policy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Biasotti, Silvia, Dominique Attali, Jean-Daniel Boissonnat, Herbert Edelsbrunner, Gershon Elber, Michela Mortara, Gabriella Sanniti di Baja, Michela Spagnuolo, Mirela Tanase, and Remco Veltkamp. 2008. “Skeletal Structures.” In Shape Analysis and Structuring, edited by Leila De Floriani and Michela Spagnuolo, 145–183. Mathematics and Visualization. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Post-Soviet Affairs.

Blog post

Hamilton, Kristy. 2016. “This Site Helps You Delete Your Accounts And Disappear From The Internet.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/this-site-helps-you-delete-your-accounts-and-disappear-from-the-internet/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2007. Federal Aviation Administration: Cost Allocation Practices and Cost Recovery Proposal Compared with Selected International Practices. GAO-07-773R. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Coleman, Kristin M. 2015. “Parent Involvement in the Promotion of Healthy Outcomes for Young Girls: A Grant Writing Project.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, George. 2011. “Granderson’s Catches Add to October Lore.” New York Times, October 6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2001; Ransohoff and Cardona 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ransohoff and Cardona 2010)
Three authors: (Cerda, Ravi-Chandar, and Mahadevan 2002)
4 or more authors: (Rong et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Post-Soviet Affairs
ISSN (print)	1060-586X
ISSN (online)	1938-2855
Scope	Economics and Econometrics Sociology and Political Science Political Science and International Relations