How to format your references using the Polymer Degradation and Stability citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Polymer Degradation and Stability. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

D.R. Montgomery, Geology. Dreams of natural streams, Science 319 (2008) 291–292.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M.P. Scott, P.A. Lawrence, Obituary: Edward B. Lewis (1918-2004), Nature 431 (2004) 143.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J. Cello, A.V. Paul, E. Wimmer, Chemical synthesis of poliovirus cDNA: generation of infectious virus in the absence of natural template, Science 297 (2002) 1016–1018.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S. Fagarasan, K. Kinoshita, M. Muramatsu, K. Ikuta, T. Honjo, In situ class switching and differentiation to IgA-producing cells in the gut lamina propria, Nature 413 (2001) 639–643.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R. Shanmugam, R. Chattamvelli, Statistics for Scientists and Engineers, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ, 2015.

An edited book

[1]

P. Meesad, H. Unger, S. Boonkrong, eds., The 9th International Conference on Computing and InformationTechnology (IC2IT2013): 9th-10th May 2013 King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

R.K. Kamat, S.A. Shinde, V.G. Shelake, Combinational Logic Design, in: S.A. Shinde, V.G. Shelake (Eds.), Unleash the System On Chip Using FPGAs and Handel C, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2009: pp. 61–79.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Polymer Degradation and Stability.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, Mothers Predominately Cradling Infants On Their Left May Have A Deep Evolutionary Origin, IFLScience (2017). https://www.iflscience.com/brain/mothers-predominately-cradling-infants-on-their-left-may-have-a-deep-evolutionary-origin/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Controls Are Needed Over Indian Self-Determination Contracts, Grants, and Training and Technical Assistance Activities To Insure Required Services Are Provided to Indians, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

V.P. Baxter, Communitarian Leadership Practice Acquisition in Educational Leadership Preparation, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.W. Walsh, Panel to Scrutinize Causes Behind Weak State Budgets, New York Times (2011) B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Polymer Degradation and Stability
Abbreviation	Polym. Degrad. Stab.
ISSN (print)	0141-3910
Scope	Mechanics of Materials Materials Chemistry Polymers and Plastics Condensed Matter Physics