How to format your references using the Polish Annals of Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Polish Annals of Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smith K. Treatment frontiers. Nature. 2010;466(7310):S15-8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kirkwood TB, Austad SN. Why do we age? Nature. 2000;408(6809):233-238.

A journal article with 3 authors

Blake RE, Chang SJ, Lepland A. Phosphate oxygen isotopic evidence for a temperate and biologically active Archaean ocean. Nature. 2010;464(7291):1029-1032.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wang X, Zhuang J, Peng Q, Li Y. A general strategy for nanocrystal synthesis. Nature. 2005;437(7055):121-124.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Purkis S, Klemas V. Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change. John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2011.

An edited book

Silkenat JR, Hickey JE Jr, Barenboim PD, eds. The Legal Doctrines of the Rule of Law and the Legal State (Rechtsstaat). Vol 38. Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Dong G, Pei J. Mining Partial Orders from Sequences. In: Pei J, ed. Sequence Data Mining. Advances in Database Systems. Springer US; 2007:89-112.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Polish Annals of Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. Bacteria On Shoes Could Help Forensic Teams Catch Suspects. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Research and Development: DOE Could Enhance the Project Selection Process for Government Oil and Natural Gas Research. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bryan JD. Team Development Social Networking and Its Impact on the Encouragement of Spiritual Leadership. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel B. Pursuing Gold, Not Platitudes. New York Times. September 17, 2016:SP1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Polish Annals of Medicine
Abbreviation	Pol. Ann. Med.
ISSN (print)	1230-8013
Scope	General Medicine