How to format your references using the Planning Perspectives citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Planning Perspectives. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Searls, David B. “The Language of Genes.” Nature 420, no. 6912 (November 14, 2002): 211–17.

A journal article with 2 authors

Weinhold, Frank, and Clark R. Landis. “Chemistry. High Bond Orders in Metal-Metal Bonding.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 316, no. 5821 (April 6, 2007): 61–63.

A journal article with 3 authors

Raff, Martin C., Alan V. Whitmore, and John T. Finn. “Axonal Self-Destruction and Neurodegeneration.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 296, no. 5569 (May 3, 2002): 868–71.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Liu, Yuan, Nujiang Tang, Xiangang Wan, Qian Feng, Ming Li, Qinghua Xu, Fuchi Liu, and Youwei Du. “Realization of Ferromagnetic Graphene Oxide with High Magnetization by Doping Graphene Oxide with Nitrogen.” Scientific Reports 3 (2013): 2566.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Barbosa, Pedro, Deborah L. Berry, and Christina S. Kary. Insect Histology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014.

An edited book

Borst, René de, and Tomasz Sadowski, eds. Lecture Notes on Composite Materials: Current Topics and Achievements. Vol. 154. Solid Mechanics And Its Applications. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Ciglič, Rok, and Drago Perko. “Modelling as a Method for Evaluating Natural Landscape Typology: The Case of Slovenia.” In Landscape Analysis and Planning: Geographical Perspectives, edited by M. Luc, U. Somorowska, and J. B. Szmańda, 59–79. Springer Geography. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Planning Perspectives.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. “Ancient People Ate Porridge 32,000 Years Ago.” IFLScience. IFLScience, September 9, 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-people-ate-porridge-32000-years-ago/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “Local Television Act: Status of Spending for Fiscal Year 2003.” Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, October 15, 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Horwitz, Mark H. “Morphodynamics and Sediment Transport Pathways of the John’s Pass-Blind Pass Dual Inlet System: Pinellas County, Florida.” Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

JOSEPH KELLY; Joseph Kelly of Croton-on-Hudson is a member of its Planning Board Watch Committee, and a citizens group interested in local planning issues. “SHOPPING AROUND FOR PROPERTY TAX IS THREAT TO ORDER.” New York Times, August 12, 1984.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Planning Perspectives
Abbreviation	Plan. Perspect.
ISSN (print)	0266-5433
ISSN (online)	1466-4518
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development