How to format your references using the Geriatrics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geriatrics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brown, D. Mutant Flu - the View from the Newsroom. Nature 2012, 485, 7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Roberson, E.D.; Mucke, L. 100 Years and Counting: Prospects for Defeating Alzheimer’s Disease. Science 2006, 314, 781–784.

A journal article with 3 authors

Morran, L.T.; Parmenter, M.D.; Phillips, P.C. Mutation Load and Rapid Adaptation Favour Outcrossing over Self-Fertilization. Nature 2009, 462, 350–352.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhou, Y.; Zhou, P.; Xin, Y.; Wang, J.; Zhu, Z.; Hu, J.; Wei, S.; Ma, H. Trend of Telomerase Activity Change during Human iPSC Self-Renewal and Differentiation Revealed by a Quartz Crystal Microbalance Based Assay. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 6978.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hooker, J. Logic-Based Methods for Optimization; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2000; ISBN 9781118033036.

An edited book

Design, User Experience, and Usability: Interactive Experience Design: 4th International Conference, DUXU 2015, Held as Part of HCI International 2015, Los Angeles, CA, USA, August 2-7, 2015, Proceedings, Part III; Marcus, A., Ed.; Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2015; Vol. 9188; ISBN 9783319208886.

A chapter in an edited book

Pampolini, G.; Del Piero, G. Strain Localization in Polyurethane Foams: Experiments and Theoretical Model. In Mechanics of Microstructured Solids: Cellular Materials, Fibre Reinforced Solids and Soft Tissues; Ganghoffer, J.-F., Pastrone, F., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009; pp. 29–38 ISBN 9783642009105.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geriatrics.

Blog post

Andrew, D. These Are 13 Of The Hottest Places On Earth Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/these-are-13-of-the-hottest-places-on-earth/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Review of Claims Settlement; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1973;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Capobianco, V.J. Effect of Slot Height Variation on the Aerodynamic Performance of a Circulation Control Airfoil: A CFD Analysis. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly, E. The Magical Mystery Block. New York Times 1998, 147.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Geriatrics
Abbreviation	Geriatrics (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2308-3417
Scope