How to format your references using the Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ruoff R. Perspective: A means to an end. Nature 483: S42, 2012.

A journal article with 2 authors

Armitage BA, Berget PB. Chemistry. An enlightening structure-function relationship. Science 319: 1195–1196, 2008.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rohde DLT, Olson S, Chang JT. Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans. Nature 431: 562–566, 2004.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wilson D, Aster R, West M, Ni J, Grand S, Gao W, Baldridge WS, Semken S, Patel P. Lithospheric structure of the Rio Grande rift. Nature 433: 851–855, 2005.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sun B. Multiphase Flow in Oil and Gas Well Drilling. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, 2016.

An edited book

Jones S. On Mutant Pedagogies: Seeking Justice and Drawing Change in Teacher Education. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Vailati-Riboni M, Elolimy A, Loor JJ. Nutritional Systems Biology to Elucidate Adaptations in Lactation Physiology of Dairy Cows. In: Systems Biology in Animal Production and Health, Vol. 2, edited by Kadarmideen HN. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, p. 97–125.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Physiology.

Blog post

Andrew D. Scientists Are Tweeting Photos Of Animal Genitals In A #JunkOff. IFLScience IFLScience: 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Important Progress Made, But Much Work Remains to Avoid Disruption of Critical Services. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lingley-Papadopoulos CA. Image analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography images of the urinary bladder for the recognition of bladder cancer. George Washington University: 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY JC Jr. 3 Are Charged With Selling Ivory Objects Despite Ban. New York Times: A27, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (2).
This sentence cites two references (2, 4).
This sentence cites four references (2, 4, 6, 8).

About the journal

Full journal title	Physiology
Abbreviation	Physiology (Bethesda)
ISSN (print)	1548-9213
ISSN (online)	1548-9221
Scope	Physiology