How to format your references using the Physiological and Biochemical Zoology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zeilinger A. 2005. The message of the quantum. Nature 438:743.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ichinose G. and H. Sayama. 2014. Evolution of fairness in the not quite ultimatum game. Sci Rep 4:5104.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fournier A.E., T. GrandPre, and S.M. Strittmatter. 2001. Identification of a receptor mediating Nogo-66 inhibition of axonal regeneration. Nature 409:341–346.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Geissler P.L., C. Dellago, D. Chandler, J. Hutter, and M. Parrinello. 2001. Autoionization in liquid water. Science 291:2121–2124.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grimble M.J. 2006. Robust Industrial Control Systems. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, England.

An edited book

Jha G.N., ed. 2010. Sanskrit Computational Linguistics: 4th International Symposium, New Delhi, India, December 10-12, 2010. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 6465). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Chen P.-C. and Y.-C. Kim. 2016. The Determinants of Strategy Formulation and Change in Foreign Subsidiaries and Their Functional Units. Pp. 135–181 in Y.-C. Kim ed. US Firms’ Business Competence in the Taiwanese IT Industry, Understanding China. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Physiological and Biochemical Zoology.

Blog post

Luntz S. 2016. Bone Defense Stops Spread of Breast Cancer. IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1983. Computer Technology at IRS: Present and Planned (No. GGD-83-103). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McGrath P.M. 2013. Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008: A policy analysis (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. 2001. Hoping That Holiday Trees Will Change a Now Bleak View. New York Times, p. 146.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zeilinger 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Zeilinger 2005; Ichinose and Sayama 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ichinose and Sayama 2014)
Three or more authors: (Geissler et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Physiological and Biochemical Zoology
Abbreviation	Physiol. Biochem. Zool.
ISSN (print)	1522-2152
ISSN (online)	1537-5293
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Biochemistry Physiology