How to format your references using the Physics of Fluids citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Physics of Fluids. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

¹ C.-H. Ho, “Amorphous effect on the advancing of wide-range absorption and structural-phase transition in γ-In2Se3 polycrystalline layers,” Sci. Rep. 4, 4764 (2014).

A journal article with 2 authors

¹ P. Audet, and R. Bürgmann, “Possible control of subduction zone slow-earthquake periodicity by silica enrichment,” Nature 510(7505), 389–392 (2014).

A journal article with 3 authors

¹ R.D. Kolodner, C.D. Putnam, and K. Myung, “Maintenance of genome stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae,” Science 297(5581), 552–557 (2002).

A journal article with 4 or more authors

¹ Z. Liu, L.C. Feldman, N.H. Tolk, Z. Zhang, and P.I. Cohen, “Desorption of H from Si(111) by resonant excitation of the Si-H vibrational stretch mode,” Science 312(5776), 1024–1026 (2006).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

¹ M. Frikha, Ad Hoc Networks (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2013).

An edited book

¹ H. Albach, H. Meffert, A. Pinkwart, and R. Reichwald, editors , Management of Permanent Change (Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, 2015).

A chapter in an edited book

¹ S. Yang, D. Illner, K. Teller, I. Solovei, R. van Driel, B. Joffe, T. Cremer, R. Eils, and K. Rohr, in Advances in Nuclear Architecture, edited by N.M. Adams and P.S. Freemont (Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2011), pp. 131–147.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Physics of Fluids.

Blog post

¹ J. Fang, “Pandas Don’t Have A Crazy Low Metabolism,” IFLScience, (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

¹ Government Accountability Office, Air Force ADP Procurement: Contracting and Market Share Information (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1990).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

¹ J.K. Park, Target Identification, Therapeutic Application and Maturation Mechanism of MicroRNAs, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

¹ M.J.O. Murphy, “Stepping Alone, Together,” New York Times, AR12 (2015).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Physics of Fluids
Abbreviation	Phys. Fluids (1994)
ISSN (print)	1070-6631
ISSN (online)	1089-7666
Scope	Condensed Matter Physics

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