How to format your references using the Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J.M. Tylianakis, Ecology. The global plight of pollinators, Science 339 (2013) 1532–1533.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C.B. Green, M. Menaker, Circadian rhythms. Clocks on the brain, Science 301 (2003) 319–320.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Y. Kaneko, F. Nimmerjahn, J.V. Ravetch, Anti-inflammatory activity of immunoglobulin G resulting from Fc sialylation, Science 313 (2006) 670–673.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Y. Murakami, J.H. Yoo, D. Shindo, T. Atou, M. Kikuchi, Magnetization distribution in the mixed-phase state of hole-doped manganites, Nature 423 (2003) 965–968.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. Bertau, A. Müller, P. Fröhlich, M. Katzberg, Industrielle Anorganische Chemie, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2013.

An edited book

[1]

A. Jakovác, Resummation and Renormalization in Effective Theories of Particle Physics, 1st ed. 2016, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

C. Juiz, R. Puigjaner, From the Origins of Performance Evaluation to New Green ICT Performance Engineering, in: K.A. Hummel, H. Hlavacs, W. Gansterer (Eds.), Performance Evaluation of Computer and Communication Systems. Milestones and Future Challenges: IFIP WG 6.3/7.3 International Workshop, PERFORM 2010, in Honor of Günter Haring on the Occasion of His Emeritus Celebration, Vienna, Austria, October 14-16, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011: pp. 49–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Mystery Illness That “Melts” Starfish Identified, IFLScience (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Information on Prime Sponsor CETA Expenditures Related to Membership Organizations, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1981.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

H. Darvish, Smart Power Grid Synchronization with Nonlinear Estimation, Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Barron, A Floor of a World Trade Center Tower Is Splashed With Graffiti, by Invitation, New York Times (2017) A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
Abbreviation	Photodiagnosis Photodyn. Ther.
ISSN (print)	1572-1000
Scope	Biophysics Dermatology Oncology Pharmacology (medical)