How to format your references using the Pharmacognosy Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pharmacognosy Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Russo E. Getting on the fast-track to full-time employment. Nature 2004;432(7014):254–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mello CC, Conte D Jr. Revealing the world of RNA interference. Nature 2004;431(7006):338–42.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kotera E, Tasaka M, Shikanai T. A pentatricopeptide repeat protein is essential for RNA editing in chloroplasts. Nature 2005;433(7023):326–30.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

McNamara C, Zinkernagel AS, Macheboeuf P, Cunningham MW, Nizet V, Ghosh P. Coiled-coil irregularities and instabilities in group A Streptococcus M1 are required for virulence. Science 2008;319(5868):1405–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bertin E, Crespi N, Pujolle G. Architecture and Governance for Communication Services. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Boelens JJ, Wynn R, editors. Stem Cell Therapy in Lysosomal Storage Diseases. New York, NY: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Nguyen D, Stritikus T. Strategic Identity Negotiation. In: Urias DA, editor. The Immigration & Education Nexus: A Focus on the Context & Consequences of Schooling. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2012. page 57–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pharmacognosy Reviews.

Blog post

Andrew E. Imagine A World Without Oil. IFLScience2015;

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Parent and Supplemental Student Loans: Volume and Default Trends for Fiscal Years 1989 to 1991. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tuschall A. Exploration of the Relationship Between Implicit Theory of Intelligence and Employability. 2017;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dynarski S. The Dangers of a Student Data Clampdown. New York Times2015;BU6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pharmacognosy Reviews
Abbreviation	Pharmacogn. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0973-7847
ISSN (online)	0976-2787
Scope	Plant Science Complementary and alternative medicine Drug Discovery Pharmacology