How to format your references using the Pharmacognosy Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pharmacognosy Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Simmons A. Archaeology. Mediterranean island voyages. Science 2012;338(6109):895–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Su CY, Carlson JR. Neuroscience. Circuit logic of avoidance and attraction. Science 2013;340(6138):1295–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sun BK, Siprashvili Z, Khavari PA. Advances in skin grafting and treatment of cutaneous wounds. Science 2014;346(6212):941–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Iyer R, Iverson TM, Accardi A, Miller C. A biological role for prokaryotic ClC chloride channels. Nature 2002;419(6908):715–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bays DH. A New History of Christianity in China. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

Vincenti G, Bucciero A, Vaz de Carvalho C, editors. E-Learning, E-Education, and Online Training: Second International Conference, eLEOT 2015, Novedrate, Italy, September 16-18, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Olbers D, Willebrand J, Eden C. Approximations Relating to Density Changes and Geometric Conditions. In: Willebrand J, Eden C, editors. Ocean Dynamics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. page 117–36.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pharmacognosy Reviews.

Blog post

Fang J. How Cats Became Domesticated [Internet]. IFLScience2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/genome-comparison-shows-how-wildcats-became-housecats/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Screening Partnership Program: TSA Can Benefit from Improved Cost Estimates. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gillan-Sanderson NA. A Study of the Effect of Additional Reading Assistance on Student Achievement. 2012;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly M. No Headline. New York Times1992;126.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pharmacognosy Reviews
Abbreviation	Pharmacogn. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0973-7847
ISSN (online)	0976-2787
Scope	Plant Science Complementary and alternative medicine Drug Discovery Pharmacology