How to format your references using the Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Heavens NG. Planetary science. Sunshine on a cloudy forecast. Science. 333(6051), 1832–1833 (2011).

A journal article with 2 authors

Spradling AC, Zheng Y. Developmental biology. The mother of all stem cells? Science. 315(5811), 469–470 (2007).

A journal article with 3 authors

Sun JC, Beilke JN, Lanier LL. Adaptive immune features of natural killer cells. Nature. 457(7229), 557–561 (2009).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Gu C, Zhang X, Jiang J, et al. Chrysanthemum CmNAR2 interacts with CmNRT2 in the control of nitrate uptake. Sci. Rep. 4, 5833 (2014).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ibrahim MA. Disturbance Analysis for Power Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Glaβmeier K-H. Geomagnetic Field Variations. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Tremblay VJ, Tremblay CH. Behavioral Economics. In: New Perspectives on Industrial Organization: With Contributions from Behavioral Economics and Game Theory. Tremblay CH (Ed.), Springer, New York, NY, 101–119 (2012).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing.

Blog post

Andrews R. Scorpions Have Similar Tastes In Interior Burrow Design [Internet]. IFLScience (2016). Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scorpions-similar-tastes-interior-burrow-design/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Election Reform: Nine States’ Experiences Implementing Federal Requirements for Computerized Statewide Voter Registration Lists. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Baker D. Does team patient care mean better patient outcomes? (2016).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Davidson A. God Save the British Economy. New York Times, MM18 (2012).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing
Abbreviation	Pharm. Bioprocess.
ISSN (print)	2048-9145
ISSN (online)	2048-9153
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology