How to format your references using the Petroleum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Petroleum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Collinge, Medicine. Prion strain mutation and selection, Science 328 (2010) 1111–1112.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M.T. Clementz, J.O. Sewall, Latitudinal gradients in greenhouse seawater δ(18) O: evidence from Eocene sirenian tooth enamel, Science 332 (2011) 455–458.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A. Chrysostomou, P.W. Lucas, J.H. Hough, Circular polarimetry reveals helical magnetic fields in the young stellar object HH 135-136, Nature 450 (2007) 71–73.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

T.C. Marlovits, T. Kubori, M. Lara-Tejero, D. Thomas, V.M. Unger, J.E. Galán, Assembly of the inner rod determines needle length in the type III secretion injectisome, Nature 441 (2006) 637–640.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Collins, Magic in the Ancient Greek World, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK, 2008.

An edited book

[1]

A. Mc Kee, M. Eraut, eds., Learning Trajectories, Innovation and Identity for Professional Development, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

T.J. Cleophas, A.H. Zwinderman, Multiple Endpoints, in: A.H. Zwinderman (Ed.), Machine Learning in Medicine: Part Three, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2013: pp. 29–36.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Petroleum.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, 500-Million-Year-Old Brains Hint at How Animal Heads Have Evolved, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/500-million-year-old-brain-hints-how-heads-evolved/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Indian Affairs: Management Challenges Continue to Hinder Efforts to Improve Indian Education, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C. Romer, WhatsUpDoc: A Patient Portal Technology, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Kanter, Far-Right Leaders Loathe European Parliament, but Love Its Pay, New York Times (2017) A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Petroleum
ISSN (print)	2405-6561
Scope