How to format your references using the Pervasive and Mobile Computing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pervasive and Mobile Computing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J.P. Gong, Materials science. Materials both tough and soft, Science 344 (2014) 161–162.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

A.C. Poon, J.E. Ferrell Jr, Systems biology. A clock with a flip switch, Science 318 (2007) 757–758.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

F.S. Collins, G.M. Gray, J.R. Bucher, Toxicology. Transforming environmental health protection, Science 319 (2008) 906–907.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J. Huang, L. Feng, D. Lu, Q. Zhang, T. Sun, X. Chu, Multiple climate cooling prior to Sturtian glaciations: evidence from chemical index of alteration of sediments in South China, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6868.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A. Källén, Understanding Biostatistics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

D.D. Schmorrow, C.M. Fidopiastis, eds., Foundations of Augmented Cognition: 9th International Conference, AC 2015, Held as Part of HCI International 2015, Los Angeles, CA, USA, August 2-7, 2015, Proceedings, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

H. Thomas, R. Brecht, B. Markscheffel, S. Bode, K. Spekowius, TMchartis – A Tool Set for Designing Multiple Problem-Oriented Visualizations for Topic Maps, in: L. Maicher, L.M. Garshol (Eds.), Scaling Topic Maps: Third International Conference on Topic Maps Research and Applications, TMRA 2007 Leipzig, Germany, October 11-12, 2007 Revised Selected Papers, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008: pp. 36–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pervasive and Mobile Computing.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, New Study Suggests There Are Health Benefits To Conservation Policies, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Management of a National Science Foundation Office of Energy Research and Development Policy Grant to the George Washington University: Questions, Answers, and Recommendations, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Y.J. Hwang, Three Essays on Economics and Risk Perception, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Williams, TV, Pre-Golden Age, New York Times (2017) BR6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pervasive and Mobile Computing
Abbreviation	Pervasive Mob. Comput.
ISSN (print)	1574-1192
Scope	Computer Science (miscellaneous) Applied Mathematics