How to format your references using the Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tammann, G.A., 2010. Allan Sandage (1926-2010). Nature 468, 898.

A journal article with 2 authors

West, J.D., Bergstrom, C.T., 2011. Psychology. Can ignorance promote democracy? Science 334, 1503–1504.

A journal article with 3 authors

Song, H., Stevens, C.F., Gage, F.H., 2002. Astroglia induce neurogenesis from adult neural stem cells. Nature 417, 39–44.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

De Nadal, E., Zapater, M., Alepuz, P.M., Sumoy, L., Mas, G., Posas, F., 2004. The MAPK Hog1 recruits Rpd3 histone deacetylase to activate osmoresponsive genes. Nature 427, 370–374.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gallant, B.J., 2006. Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Manual. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Prakash, H., 2009. Game Theoretic Problems in Network Economics and Mechanism Design Solutions, Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Čomić, L., De Floriani, L., Magillo, P., Iuricich, F., 2014. A Combinatorial Approach Based on Forman Theory, in: De Floriani, L., Magillo, P., Iuricich, F. (Eds.), Morphological Modeling of Terrains and Volume Data, SpringerBriefs in Computer Science. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 69–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. A Lab In South Korea Will Clone Your Dog For $100,000 [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1993. NASA: Major Challenges for Management (No. T-NSIAD-94-18). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Clarke, P.N., 2008. Program evaluation: A study to evaluate the effectiveness of an alternative education program in a rural county of a mid-Atlantic U.S. state (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Marx, L., 2012. John Blair, Beto Sutter. New York Times ST18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Tammann, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Tammann, 2010; West and Bergstrom, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (West and Bergstrom, 2011)
Three or more authors: (De Nadal et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics
Abbreviation	Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst.
ISSN (print)	1433-8319
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science