How to format your references using the Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Koentges, G. (2010). Journal club. A genomic systems biologist muses on how shared DNA mistakes reveal shared cellular ancestry. Nature, 467(7313), 255.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tremaroli, V., & Bäckhed, F. (2012). Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism. Nature, 489(7415), 242–249.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kühl, G., Briggs, D. E. G., & Rust, J. (2009). A great-appendage arthropod with a radial mouth from the Lower Devonian Hunsruck Slate, Germany. Science (New York, N.Y.), 323(5915), 771–773.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Beugnon, J., Jones, M. P. A., Dingjan, J., Darquié, B., Messin, G., Browaeys, A., & Grangier, P. (2006). Quantum interference between two single photons emitted by independently trapped atoms. Nature, 440(7085), 779–782.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tardu, S. (2014). Transport and Coherent Structures in Wall Turbulence. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Fukuda, K. (Ed.). (2016). Human iPS Cells in Disease Modelling. Springer Japan.

A chapter in an edited book

Placier, P., Pinnegar, S., Hamilton, M. L., & Guilfoyle, K. (2005). Exploring the Concept of Dialogue in the Self-Study of Teaching Practices. In C. Kosnik, C. Beck, A. R. Freese, & A. P. Samaras (Eds.), Making a Difference in Teacher Education Through Self-Study: Studies of Personal, Professional and Program Renewal (pp. 51–64). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2013, December 18). Newly discovered hand bone bridges important gap of human evolution. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/newly-discovered-hand-bone-bridges-important-gap-human-evolution/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1995). Income Security Issue Area: Active Assignments (AA-95-14(4)). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Radcliffe, M. L. (2012). Random Graphs with Attribute Affinity [Doctoral dissertation]. University of California San Diego.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Antilla, S. (2016, May 23). Decades After Suit, Wall St. Bias Persists for Women. New York Times, B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Koentges, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Koentges, 2010; Tremaroli & Bäckhed, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tremaroli & Bäckhed, 2012)
Three authors: (Kühl et al., 2009)
6 or more authors: (Beugnon et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment
Abbreviation	Personal. Disord.
ISSN (print)	1949-2715
ISSN (online)	1949-2723
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology