How to format your references using the Pediatrics International citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatrics International. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hyman SE. Genome-sequencing anniversary. The meaning of the Human Genome Project for neuropsychiatric disorders. Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):1026.

A journal article with 2 authors

Richmond BG, Jungers WL. Orrorin tugenensis femoral morphology and the evolution of hominin bipedalism. Science. 2008 Mar 21;319(5870):1662–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Desai TJ, Brownfield DG, Krasnow MA. Alveolar progenitor and stem cells in lung development, renewal and cancer. Nature. 2014 Mar 13;507(7491):190–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Brocks JJ, Love GD, Summons RE, Knoll AH, Logan GA, Bowden SA. Biomarker evidence for green and purple sulphur bacteria in a stratified Palaeoproterozoic sea. Nature. 2005 Oct 6;437(7060):866–70.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Anwar S, Carroll JJ. Carbon Dioxide Thermodynamic Properties Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

L’Abate L, editor. Paradigms in Theory Construction. New York, NY: Springer; 2012. XIV, 458 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Yano T. Principle of Insertion and Characteristics. In: Sugano K, Yamamoto H, Kita H, editors. Double-Balloon Endoscopy: Theory and Practice. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2006. p. 19–22.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatrics International.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. A Handful Of Bronze-Age Men Could Have Fathered Two Thirds Of Europeans. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/handful-bronze-age-men-could-have-fathered-two-thirds-europeans/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Family Education Loan Information System: Weak Computer Controls Increase Risk of Unauthorized Access to Sensitive Data. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995 Jun. Report No.: AIMD-95-117.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hertzman R. Yemen’s migrant networks as critical factor in political opposition to the Imamate [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bowley G, Ember S. Will Her Story Convict Cosby? New York Times. 2017 May 17;C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatrics International
Abbreviation	Pediatr. Int.
ISSN (print)	1328-8067
ISSN (online)	1442-200X
Scope	Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health