How to format your references using the Pediatric Urology Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Urology Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Gaston KJ. Global patterns in biodiversity. Nature 2000;405(6783):220–227.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Yack JE, Fullard JH. Ultrasonic hearing in nocturnal butterflies. Nature 2000;403(6767):265–266.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Green DR, Galluzzi L, Kroemer G. Mitochondria and the autophagy-inflammation-cell death axis in organismal aging. Science 2011;333(6046):1109–1112.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Mak SY, Li Z, Frere A, Chan TC, Shum HC. Musical interfaces: visualization and reconstruction of music with a microfluidic two-phase flow. Sci. Rep. 2014;4:6675.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Fabozzi FJ, Kothari V. Introduction to Securitization. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Wichert R, Eberhardt B, eds. Ambient Assisted Living: 4. AAL-Kongress 2011, Berlin, Germany, January 25–26, 2011. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Reichmuth C. Psychophysical Studies of Auditory Masking in Marine Mammals: Key Concepts and New Directions. In: Popper AN, Hawkins A, eds. The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. New York, NY: Springer; 2012:23–27.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Urology Case Reports.

Blog post

[1]

Evans K. 19 Life-Saving Facts That Everyone Should Know. IFLScience 2016. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/19-life-saving-facts-that-everyone-should-know/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: Census Bureau Needs to Improve Its Risk Management of Decennial Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Jobanputra MC. Investigation of Organic Thin Films for Application in Electro-optic Devices. 2002.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Paulson M, Sisario B. Hit Shows on Two Continents Confront One Villain: Scalpers. New York Times. February 12, 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Urology Case Reports
ISSN (online)	2148-2969
Scope