How to format your references using the Pediatric Urology Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Urology Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Hoffmann JA. The immune response of Drosophila. Nature 2003;426(6962):33–38.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Zhou Z, Zhang F. A precocial avian embryo from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Science 2004;306(5696):653.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Noble MEM, Endicott JA, Johnson LN. Protein kinase inhibitors: insights into drug design from structure. Science 2004;303(5665):1800–1805.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Sanchez SE, Petrillo E, Beckwith EJ, Zhang X, Rugnone ML, Hernando CE, et al. A methyl transferase links the circadian clock to the regulation of alternative splicing. Nature 2010;468(7320):112–116.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Radcliff PB. Modern Spain. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

[1]

Kondo M, ed. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Biology. 1st ed. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Subotic V, Ferrer R, Sancho JC, Labarta J, Valero M. Quantifying the Potential Task-Based Dataflow Parallelism in MPI Applications. In: Jeannot E, Namyst R, Roman J, eds. Euro-Par 2011 Parallel Processing: 17th International Conference, Euro-Par 2011, Bordeaux, France, August 29 - September 2, 2011, Proceedings, Part I. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011:39–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Urology Case Reports.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. Returning To The Moon Is Ten Times Cheaper Than Thought, And It Could Lead To Mars. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. FAA Computer Systems: Limited Progress on Year 2000 Issue Increases Risk Dramatically. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Gallegos LL. Spatiotemporal regulation of protein kinase C signaling: Control of normal cellular dynamics and mis-regulation in cancer. 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Gustines GG. DC Comics Unveils New Power Couple. New York Times. August 27, 2012:C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Urology Case Reports
ISSN (online)	2148-2969
Scope