How to format your references using the Pediatric Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nogrady B. Immunotherapy: Chemical tricks. Nature 2014;513:S10-1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Thoennessen M, Sherrill B. From isotopes to the stars. Nature 2011;473:25–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dyall SD, Brown MT, Johnson PJ. Ancient invasions: from endosymbionts to organelles. Science 2004;304:253–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Liu Y, Tang N, Wan X, et al. Realization of ferromagnetic graphene oxide with high magnetization by doping graphene oxide with nitrogen. Sci Rep 2013;3:2566.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Potter L. The Life of William Shakespeare. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

Jamali N, Scerri P, Sugawara T, editors. Massively Multi-Agent Technology: AAMAS Workshops, MMAS 2006, LSMAS 2006, and CCMMS 2007 Hakodate, Japan, May 9, 2006 Honolulu, HI, USA, May 15, 2007 Selected and Revised Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Pacheco FT, da Rocha AJ. Ischemic Stroke in Adults. In: Hoffmann Nunes R, Abello AL, Castillo M, editors. Critical Findings in Neuroradiology. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 29–44.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Research.

Blog post

Davis J. Gut Bacteria Found In African Apes Perfectly Match Our Evolutionary Relationships [Internet]. IFLScience. 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/gut-bacteria-found-in-african-apes-perfectly-match-our-evolutionary-relationships/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. TVA’s Computer Needs Are Valid and ADP Management Is Improving. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1982.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reich LM. Adapted physical education teachers’ attitudes towards their students with hidden and visible disabilities. 2012;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C. Writer’s Body Is Weaker, But Voice Remains Strong. New York Times. 2011;A29B.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Research
Abbreviation	Pediatr. Res.
ISSN (print)	0031-3998
ISSN (online)	1530-0447
Scope	Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health