How to format your references using the Pediatric Critical Care Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Armstrong FA: Chemistry. Copying biology’s ways with hydrogen. Science 2013; 339:658–659

A journal article with 2 authors

Bodirsky BL, Popp A: Sustainability: Australia at the crossroads. Nature 2015; 527:40–41

A journal article with 3 authors

Discher DE, Mooney DJ, Zandstra PW: Growth factors, matrices, and forces combine and control stem cells. Science 2009; 324:1673–1677

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sato T, Kamiyama T, Takahashi T, et al.: Observation of d(x2-y2)-like superconducting gap in an electron-doped high-temperature superconductor. Science 2001; 291:1517–1519

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smed J, Hakonen H: Algorithms and Networking for Computer Games. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

Materiomics: Multiscale Mechanics of Biological Materials and Structures. Vienna: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Schnars U, Falldorf C, Watson J, et al.: Digital Holographic Particle Sizing and Microscopy. In: Falldorf C, Watson J, Jüptner W, editor(s). Digital Holography and Wavefront Sensing: Principles, Techniques and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2015. p. 95–119.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Critical Care Medicine.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J: Is There LIFE Elsewhere In The Universe? [Internet]. IFLScience 2017; [cited 2018 Oct 30] Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/is-there-life-elsewhere-in-the-universe-0/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Greater Coordination and a More Effective Policy Needed for International Telecommunications Facilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Spruill EL: A correlational analysis relating organizational climate to employee performance: A case study. 2008;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Haberman M, Thrush G: Trump Reaches Beyond West Wing for Counsel. New York Times 2017; A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
Abbreviation	Pediatr. Crit. Care Med.
ISSN (print)	1529-7535
ISSN (online)	1947-3893
Scope	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health