How to format your references using the Pastoralism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pastoralism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Davis, Robert J. 2003. Chemistry. All that glitters is not Au0. Science (New York, N.Y.) 301: 926–927.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pascual-Leone, A., and V. Walsh. 2001. Fast backprojections from the motion to the primary visual area necessary for visual awareness. Science (New York, N.Y.) 292: 510–512.

A journal article with 3 authors

Goldman, Yale E., Clara Franzini-Armstrong, and Clay M. Armstrong. 2012. Andrew Fielding Huxley (1917-2012). Nature 486: 474.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Trewick, Sarah C., Timothy F. Henshaw, Robert P. Hausinger, Tomas Lindahl, and Barbara Sedgwick. 2002. Oxidative demethylation by Escherichia coli AlkB directly reverts DNA base damage. Nature 419: 174–178.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sabol, Stuart. 2016. Case Studies in Mechanical Engineering. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Bridges, Susan, Lap Ki Chan, and Cindy E. Hmelo-Silver, ed. 2016. Educational Technologies in Medical and Health Sciences Education. 1st ed. 2016. Vol. 5. Advances in Medical Education. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Billett, Stephen. 2010. The Practices of Learning through Occupations. In Learning Through Practice: Models, Traditions, Orientations and Approaches, ed. Stephen Billett, 59–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pastoralism.

Blog post

Hale, Tom. 2017. This Device Eats Polluted Air And Spits Out Power. IFLScience. IFLScience. May 10.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1982. H.R. 4326: Small Business Innovation Development Act of 1981. 117344. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cruz, Sandra. 2014. Keeping families together: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, Linda. 2006. Arizona’s Strict Approach to Insanity Defenses Gets a Hearing Before the Supreme Court. New York Times, April 20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Davis 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Pascual-Leone and Walsh 2001; Davis 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pascual-Leone and Walsh 2001)
Three or more authors: (Trewick et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Pastoralism
Abbreviation	Pastoralism
ISSN (online)	2041-7136
Scope