How to format your references using the Particuology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Particuology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lunt, D. (2014). Palaeoclimate science: Causes and effects of Antarctic ice. Nature, 511(7511), 536–537.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cooper, V. S., & Lenski, R. E. (2000). The population genetics of ecological specialization in evolving Escherichia coli populations. Nature, 407(6805), 736–739.

A journal article with 3 authors

Godfrey, D. I., Pellicci, D. G., & Smyth, M. J. (2004). Immunology. The elusive NKT cell antigen--is the search over? Science (New York, N.Y.), 306(5702), 1687–1689.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Gavin, M. A., Rasmussen, J. P., Fontenot, J. D., Vasta, V., Manganiello, V. C., Beavo, J. A., & Rudensky, A. Y. (2007). Foxp3-dependent programme of regulatory T-cell differentiation. Nature, 445(7129), 771–775.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bakker, J., & Clarke, R. J. (2011). Wine Flavour Chemistry. Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Papadrakakis, M., Fragiadakis, M., & Lagaros, N. D. (Eds.). (2011). Computational Methods in Earthquake Engineering (Vol. 21). Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Mendonça, J. T., & Terças, H. (2013). Waves and Oscillations in Clouds. In H. Terças (Ed.), Physics of Ultra-Cold Matter: Atomic Clouds, Bose-Einstein Condensates and Rydberg Plasmas (pp. 89–114). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Particuology.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016, August 11). Scotland Generated More Wind Power Than It Used For An Entire Day. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/scotland-generated-more-wind-power-than-it-used-for-an-entire-day/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2016). Space Acquisitions: Challenges Facing DOD as it Changes Approaches to Space Acquisitions (GAO-16-471T). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mizokami, S. K. (2015). Fall risk factors among cane and walker users and non-users [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Palmer, E. (2016, December 20). Serving as a Role Model During a Father’s Absence. New York Times, A25.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lunt, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Cooper & Lenski, 2000; Lunt, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cooper & Lenski, 2000)
Three authors: (Godfrey et al., 2004)
6 or more authors: (Gavin et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Particuology
Abbreviation	Particuology
ISSN (print)	1674-2001
Scope	General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics