How to format your references using the Parasitology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Parasitology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P. (2002). Part-time growth. Nature 420, 3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fernández-Martínez, L. T. and Bibb, M. J. (2014). Use of the meganuclease I-SceI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to select for gene deletions in actinomycetes. Scientific reports 4, 7100.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gaudelli, N. M., Long, D. H. and Townsend, C. A. (2015). β-Lactam formation by a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase during antibiotic biosynthesis. Nature 520, 383–387.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Nel, A., Xia, T., Mädler, L. and Li, N. (2006). Toxic potential of materials at the nanolevel. Science (New York, N.Y.) 311, 622–627.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Boyd, R. K., Basic, C. and Bethem, R. A. (2008). Trace Quantitative Analysis by Mass Spectrometry. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Mota, J. P. and Lyubchik, S. eds. (2008). Recent Advances in Adsorption Processes for Environmental Protection and Security. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Deb, A., Roychoudhury, S. and Sarkar, G. (2016). Integration and Differentiation Using HF Domain Operational Matrices. In Analysis and Identification of Time-Invariant Systems, Time-Varying Systems, and Multi-Delay Systems using Orthogonal Hybrid Functions: Theory and Algorithms with MATLAB® (ed. Roychoudhury, S. and Sarkar, G.), pp. 87–114. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Parasitology.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2016). The LHC Is Starting To Produce Charmed Twins More Than Singles. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987). Attack Warning: ADP and Communication Modernization Programs for Warning and Assessment, IMTEC-87-23FS. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Valenzuela, J. (2014). Medicare advantage’s population make-up and its impact on the future of Medicare financing.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. (2015). Valentin Rasputin, ‘Village Prose’ Leader, Dies at 77. New York Times A25.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik, 2002; Fernández-Martínez and Bibb, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Fernández-Martínez and Bibb, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Nel et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Parasitology
Abbreviation	Parasitology
ISSN (print)	0031-1820
ISSN (online)	1469-8161
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Parasitology Infectious Diseases