How to format your references using the Paleobiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Paleobiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Greer, A. 2003: Chemistry. Enhanced: a view of unusual peroxides. Science (New York, N.Y.) 302:235–236.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wallenfang, M. R., and G. Seydoux. 2000: Polarization of the anterior-posterior axis of C. elegans is a microtubule-directed process. Nature 408:89–92.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cysouw, M., D. Dediu, and S. Moran. 2012: Comment on “Phonemic diversity supports a serial founder effect model of language expansion from Africa.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 335:657; author reply 657.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mold, M., L. Ouro-Gnao, B. M. Wieckowski, and C. Exley. 2013: Copper prevents amyloid-β(1-42) from forming amyloid fibrils under near-physiological conditions in vitro. Scientific reports 3:1256.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Teodorescu, P. P., W. W. Kecs, and A. Toma. 2013: Distribution Theory. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, p.

An edited book

2005: Advances in Information Retrieval: 27th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2005, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, March 21-23, 2005. Proceedings. in D. E. Losada and J. M. Fernández-Luna, eds. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 3408. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, p.

A chapter in an edited book

Needham, T. 2014: Visual Differential Geometry and Beltrami’s Hyperbolic Plane. Pp.71–99 in R. Lupacchini and A. Angelini, eds. The Art of Science: From Perspective Drawing to Quantum Randomness. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Paleobiology.

Blog post

Davis, J. 2016: These Weird Videos Could Prove That Apes Have “Theory Of Mind.” IFLScience. Downloaded from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/these-weird-videos-could-prove-that-apes-have-theory-of-mind/ on 30 October 2018. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1992: Earth Observing System: Information on NASA’s Incorporation of Existing Data Into EOSDIS. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, p.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gonzales, D. S. 2012: Identifying factors and quantifying their impact on transportation costs of pre-processes biomass.Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MSpp.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Herrman, J. 2017: The Land of Internet Subcultures. New York Times:A2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Greer 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Wallenfang and Seydoux 2000; Greer 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wallenfang and Seydoux 2000)
Three or more authors: (Mold et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Paleobiology
Abbreviation	Paleobiology
ISSN (print)	0094-8373
ISSN (online)	1938-5331
Scope	General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Palaeontology Ecology