How to format your references using the Pacific Science Review B: Humanities and Social Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pacific Science Review B: Humanities and Social Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mullin, T., 2002. Granular materials. Mixing and de-mixing. Science 295, 1851.

A journal article with 2 authors

Xue, Y., Sherman, D.H., 2000. Alternative modular polyketide synthase expression controls macrolactone structure. Nature 403, 571–575.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lindenmayer, D.B., Laurance, W.F., Franklin, J.F., 2012. Ecology. Global decline in large old trees. Science 338, 1305–1306.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Walther, D.J., Peter, J.-U., Bashammakh, S., Hörtnagl, H., Voits, M., Fink, H., Bader, M., 2003. Synthesis of serotonin by a second tryptophan hydroxylase isoform. Science 299, 76.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pepper, G., Oliver, M.J., 2006. The Liquidity Theory of Asset Prices. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Chen, P.-C., 2016. US Firms’ Business Competence in the Taiwanese IT Industry, Understanding China. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Beer, J., McCracken, K., von Steiger, R., 2012. Introduction to Cosmic Radiation, in: McCracken, K., Steiger, R. von (Eds.), Cosmogenic Radionuclides: Theory and Applications in the Terrestrial and Space Environments, Physics of Earth and Space Environments. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 17–18.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pacific Science Review B: Humanities and Social Sciences.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2017. 20,000 Volts Of Electrical Energy Plus A Watermelon Creates A Wonderful Bang [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1973. Protest of NASA RFP (No. B-177184). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wenzel, A.B., 2009. Learning the culture of teaching: A middle school perspective (Doctoral dissertation). Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED, M.J., 2017. SoftBank Leads Big Stake In Virtual-Reality Designer. New York Times B7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mullin, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Mullin, 2002; Xue and Sherman, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Xue and Sherman, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Walther et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Pacific Science Review B: Humanities and Social Sciences
ISSN (print)	2405-8831
Scope