How to format your references using the Pacific Conservation Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pacific Conservation Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

DiFonzo N (2013) Rumour research can douse digital wildfires. Nature 493, 135.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nadeau JH, Dudley AM (2011) Genetics. Systems genetics. Science (New York, N.Y.) 331, 1015–1016.

A journal article with 3 authors

Deleault NR, Lucassen RW, Supattapone S (2003) RNA molecules stimulate prion protein conversion. Nature 425, 717–720.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Ito T, Kwon HY, Zimdahl B, Congdon KL, Blum J, Lento WE, Zhao C, Lagoo A, Gerrard G, Foroni L, et al. (2010) Regulation of myeloid leukaemia by the cell-fate determinant Musashi. Nature 466, 765–768.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gunn A, Pitt SJ (2012) ‘Parasitology.’ (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK)

An edited book

Barreira L (2012) ‘Complex Analysis and Differential Equations.’ Ed C Valls. (Springer: London)

A chapter in an edited book

Li X, Shannon D, Ghosh I, Ogawa M, Rajan SP, Khurshid S (2008) Context-Sensitive Relevancy Analysis for Efficient Symbolic Execution. In ‘Programming Languages and Systems: 6th Asian Symposium, APLAS 2008, Bangalore, India, December 9-11, 2008. Proceedings’. (Ed G Ramalingam.) Lecture Notes in Computer Science. pp. 36–52. (Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg.)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pacific Conservation Biology.

Blog post

Hale T (2015) Fatal Whale Attack Reveals The ‘Dark Side’ Of Dolphins. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/whale-attack-reveals-dark-side-dolphins/ [Accessed 30 October 2018]

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) Tax Systems Modernization: Results of Review of IRS’ Initial Expenditure Plan. AIMD/GGD-99-206. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Demenkoff JH (2014) Evolution and emergence of the masculinities: Epiphanies and epiphenomena of the male athlete and dancer. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW (2010) New York Taxpayers Facing $200 Billion in Retiree Costs. New York Times, B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (DiFonzo 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Nadeau and Dudley 2011; DiFonzo 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nadeau and Dudley 2011)
Three or more authors: (Ito et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Pacific Conservation Biology
ISSN (print)	1038-2097
ISSN (online)	2204-4604
Scope