How to format your references using the Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Xu X. Enhanced trion emission from colloidal quantum dots with photonic crystals by two-photon excitation. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3228.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gutierrez MP, Lee LP. Engineering. Multiscale design and integration of sustainable building functions. Science. 2013;341(6143):247-248.

A journal article with 3 authors

Collins FS, Wilder EL, Zerhouni E. Funding transdisciplinary research. NIH Roadmap/Common Fund at 10 years. Science. 2014;345(6194):274-276.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Tian F, Duan D, Li D, et al. Miscibility and ordered structures of MgO-ZnO alloys under high pressure. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5759.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jones P, Burger J. Configuring SAP® ERP Financials and Controlling. Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

Badica A, Trawinski B, Nguyen NT, eds. Recent Developments in Computational Collective Intelligence. Vol 513. Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Ghizzardi S, Molendi S, Rossetti M, Leccardi A. Cold Fronts in Cool Core Clusters. In: Böhringer H, Pratt GW, Finoguenov A, Schuecker P, eds. Heating versus Cooling in Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies: Proceedings of the MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference Held in Garching, Germany, 6-11 August 2006. Eso Astrophysics Symposia. Springer; 2007:33-38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Pluto’s Halo Craters Revealed In New Images. IFLScience. April 27, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/pluto-has-haloed-craters/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Increasing Costs, Competition May Hinder U.S. Position of Leadership in High Energy Physics. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Truong T. Microfluidics-Based System for High-Throughput Analysis of Nitrite in Harbor Water. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Seelye KQ, Blinder A, Bidgood J. Counterprotesters Surge Into Boston, Overshadowing a Planned Rally. New York Times. August 19, 2017:A13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
Abbreviation	Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg.
ISSN (print)	0194-5998
ISSN (online)	1097-6817
Scope	Otorhinolaryngology Surgery