How to format your references using the Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hartung T (2009) Toxicology for the twenty-first century. Nature 460:208–212

A journal article with 2 authors

Forget AL, Kowalczykowski SC (2012) Single-molecule imaging of DNA pairing by RecA reveals a three-dimensional homology search. Nature 482:423–427

A journal article with 3 authors

Morens DM, Subbarao K, Taubenberger JK (2012) Engineering H5N1 avian influenza viruses to study human adaptation. Nature 486:335–340

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lebreton S, Grabe V, Omondi AB, et al (2014) Love makes smell blind: mating suppresses pheromone attraction in Drosophila females via Or65a olfactory neurons. Sci Rep 4:7119

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nikrityuk PA (2011) Computational Thermo-Fluid Dynamics. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Benlamri R (ed) (2012) Networked Digital Technologies: 4th International Conference, NDT 2012, Dubai, UAE, April 24-26, 2012, Proceedings, Part II. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Fatemi SH, Folsom TD (2011) Prenatal Viral Infection in Mouse: An Animal Model of Schizophrenia. In: Clelland JD (ed) Genomics, Proteomics, and the Nervous System. Springer, New York, NY, pp 113–136

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) A Christmas Comet To Be Seen From Dark Skies. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/christmas-comet-be-seen-dark-skies1/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) Unanswered Questions on Educating Handicapped Children in Local Public Schools. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kunihiro AG (2014) The relationship between dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake and colorectal cancer. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin J (2017) Hit Show? No, but Close Enough. New York Times B4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hartung 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Hartung 2009; Forget and Kowalczykowski 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Forget and Kowalczykowski 2012)
Three or more authors: (Lebreton et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres
Abbreviation	Orig. Life Evol. Biosph.
ISSN (print)	0169-6149
ISSN (online)	1573-0875
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Space and Planetary Science General Medicine