How to format your references using the Oral Radiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Oral Radiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Reedijk J. Chemistry. Dioxygen surprises. Science. 2005;308:1876–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Wu L-Q, Dickman JD. Neural correlates of a magnetic sense. Science. 2012;336:1054–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Kawase H, Okata Y, Ito K. Role of huge geometric circular structures in the reproduction of a marine pufferfish. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2106.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Beck PG, Bedding TR, Mosser B, Stello D, Garcia RA, Kallinger T, et al. Kepler detected gravity-mode period spacings in a red giant star. Science. 2011;332:205.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Rosenberger WR. Risk-Adjusted Lending Conditions. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

1. Fabian M. Banach Space Theory: The Basis for Linear and Nonlinear Analysis. Habala P, Hájek P, Montesinos V, Zizler V, editors. New York, NY: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Moyer BR. The Role of Pharmacokinetics and Allometrics in Imaging: Practical Issues and Considerations. In: Moyer BR, Cheruvu NPS, Hu TC-C, editors. Pharmaco-Imaging in Drug and Biologics Development: Fundamentals and Applications. New York, NY: Springer; 2014. p. 113–31.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Oral Radiology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Man Claims Tropical Spider Burrowed Under His Skin Via Appendix Scar [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/tropical-spider-burrowed-man-s-torso-appendix-scar/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Test and Evaluation: The Director, Operational Test and Evaluation’s Controls Over Contractors. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Dec. Report No.: NSIAD-91-60.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Escalante-Guerra M. Policy analysis proposal regarding the Adoptions and Safe Family Act of 1997 [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Williams J. Gifted Frenemies, Egging Each Other on to Greatness. New York Times. 2016 Aug 22;C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Oral Radiology
Abbreviation	Oral Radiol.
ISSN (print)	0911-6028
ISSN (online)	1613-9674
Scope	Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Dentistry (miscellaneous)