How to format your references using the Opto-Electronic Advances citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Opto-Electronic Advances. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Baker, M. Microscopy: Bright light, better labels. Nature 478, 137–142 (2011).

A journal article with 2 authors

Liu, L. & Stegman, D. R. Origin of Columbia River flood basalt controlled by propagating rupture of the Farallon slab. Nature 482, 386–389 (2012).

A journal article with 3 authors

Helmus, M. R., Mahler, D. L. & Losos, J. B. Island biogeography of the Anthropocene. Nature 513, 543–546 (2014).

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Ferraroli, S., Georges, J.-Y., Gaspar, P. & Le Maho, Y. Endangered species: where leatherback turtles meet fisheries. Nature 429, 521–522 (2004).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hogg, R. M. & Fulk, R. D. A Grammar of Old English. (Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2011).

An edited book

Ermentrout, G. B. Mathematical Foundations of Neuroscience. vol. 35 (Springer, New York, NY, 2010).

A chapter in an edited book

Scovazzi, T. Intangible Cultural Heritage as Defined in the 2003 UNESCO Convention. in Cultural Heritage and Value Creation: Towards New Pathways (ed. Golinelli, G. M.) 105–126 (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Opto-Electronic Advances.

Blog post

Luntz, S. Arctic Methane May Not be Warming The Planet. IFLScience https://www.iflscience.com/environment/arctic-methane-may-not-be-warming-planet/ (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. VA Information Technology: Progress Made, but Continued Management Attention Is Key to Achieving Results. (2002).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Garcia, M. J. Teacher knowledge of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and effective classroom interventions. (California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2009).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Andrews, M. Venus Williams Faces Wrongful-Death Suit. New York Times D6 (2017).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Opto-Electronic Advances
ISSN (print)	2096-4579
Scope