How to format your references using the BMC Psychiatry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BMC Psychiatry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Fink DW Jr. FDA regulation of stem cell-based products. Science. 2009;324:1662–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Wang W, Yuan D. Mesoporous carbon originated from non-permanent porous MOFs for gas storage and CO2/CH4 separation. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5711.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Gollo LL, Kinouchi O, Copelli M. Single-neuron criticality optimizes analog dendritic computation. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3222.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Li B, Zhao J, Onda K, Jordan KD, Yang J, Petek H. Ultrafast interfacial proton-coupled electron transfer. Science. 2006;311:1436–40.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Vicat-Blanc P, Soudan S, Guillier R, Goglin B. Computing Networks. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2013.

An edited book

1. Geddes CD, editor. Reviews in Fluorescence 2009. New York, NY: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Pascual SIP. Phenotype Variations in Early Onset Pompe Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment Results with Myozyme®. In: Espinós C, Felipo V, Palau F, editors. Inherited Neuromuscular Diseases: Translation from Pathomechanisms to Therapies. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009. p. 39–46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BMC Psychiatry.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Child Revived Almost 2 Hours After “Drowning” - But How? IFLScience. 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/child-survived-almost-2-hours-cpr-after-falling-icy-stream-how/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. FAA Staffing: Recruitment, Hiring, and Initial Training of Safety-Related Personnel. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Fletcher B. Tropes of Dis/Ableism as Flexible Stigma: Examining Brenda Connors’ 2008 Report as an Instance of Dis/Ableist Polemical Rhetoric. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Neuman W. Mayor Ousted In Colombia After Claims Of Bungling. New York Times. 2013;:A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BMC Psychiatry
Abbreviation	BMC Psychiatry
ISSN (online)	1471-244X
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health

Research and Writing Guides