How to format your references using the Ophthalmic Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ophthalmic Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smol JP. Climate Change: A planet in flux. Nature. 2012 Feb;483(7387):S12-5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Reilly SM, White TD. Hypaxial motor patterns and the function of epipubic bones in primitive mammals. Science. 2003 Jan;299(5605):400–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mito Y, Henikoff JG, Henikoff S. Histone replacement marks the boundaries of cis-regulatory domains. Science. 2007 Mar;315(5817):1408–11.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Olsen B, Munster VJ, Wallensten A, Waldenström J, Osterhaus ADME, Fouchier RAM. Global patterns of influenza a virus in wild birds. Science. 2006 Apr;312(5772):384–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Robson Wright M. An Introduction to Chemical Kinetics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

Schramm-Klein H, Foscht T, Morschett D, Rudolph T, Schnedlitz P, Swoboda B, editors. European Retail Research: 2013, Volume 27, Issue I. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Liu F, Shi Q, Wang J, Guo H. Atomistic Simulations of Tunneling FETs. In: Zhang L, Chan M, editors. Tunneling Field Effect Transistor Technology. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016; pp 111–49.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ophthalmic Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. Prescription Drugs Could Influence Moral Decisions [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 Jul [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/some-prescription-drugs-may-influence-moral-decisions/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Examination of Disbursing Transactions, Naval Supply Corps School, Athens, Georgia. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1971.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Park K-S. Transcriptional Regulation In The Respiratory Epithelium During Development And Repair. 2006

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Tabarrok A, Rajagopalan S. Private Cities, Open to All. New York Times. 2015 Mar;A25.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Ophthalmic Research
Abbreviation	Ophthalmic Res.
ISSN (print)	0030-3747
ISSN (online)	1423-0259
Scope	General Medicine Ophthalmology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Sensory Systems

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