How to format your references using the OpenNano citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for OpenNano. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

A.B. Murphy, Calculation and application of combined diffusion coefficients in thermal plasmas, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4304.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

A.M. Kilpatrick, A.R. Ives, Species interactions can explain Taylor’s power law for ecological time series, Nature 422 (2003) 65–68.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

R. Almeda, T.L. Connelly, E.J. Buskey, Novel insight into the role of heterotrophic dinoflagellates in the fate of crude oil in the sea, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 7560.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P. Papadopoulos, R. Ivison, C. Carilli, G. Lewis, A massive reservoir of low-excitation molecular gas at high redshift, Nature 409 (2001) 58–60.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

P.P. Drake, F.J. Fabozzi, The Basics of Finance, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

V.V. Kulkarni, G.-B. Stan, K. Raman, eds., A Systems Theoretic Approach to Systems and Synthetic Biology II: Analysis and Design of Cellular Systems, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

M.A. Gomez-Rodriguez, V.J. Sosa-Sosa, I. Lopez-Arevalo, Mobile Applications Middleware for File Swapping, in: M.S. Obaidat, G.A. Tsihrintzis, J. Filipe (Eds.), E-Business and Telecommunications: 7th International Joint Conference, ICETE 2010, Athens, Greece, July 26-28, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012: pp. 84–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for OpenNano.

Blog post

[1]

A. Carpineti, Some Of The Universe’s Earliest Black Holes May Have Been Found, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/space/some-of-the-universes-earliest-black-holes-may-have-been-found/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Aerospace Testing: Promise of Closer NASA/DOD Cooperation Remains Largely Unfulfilled, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

L. Hertzog, Development and implementation of a prenatal postpartum depression education program for nurse practitioner students at California State University Long Beach, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L.F. Burghardt, An Animal Sanctuary Is Under Pressure to Move, New York Times (2006) 14WC5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	OpenNano
Abbreviation	OpenNano
ISSN (print)	2352-9520
Scope	Biotechnology Internal Medicine Pharmacology (medical) Pharmaceutical Science