How to format your references using the OpenNano citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for OpenNano. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Scholze, Earth network, Nature 447 (2007) 228.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

K. Schuchmann, V. Müller, Direct and reversible hydrogenation of CO2 to formate by a bacterial carbon dioxide reductase, Science 342 (2013) 1382–1385.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

R. Wojtak, S.H. Hansen, J. Hjorth, Gravitational redshift of galaxies in clusters as predicted by general relativity, Nature 477 (2011) 567–569.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M.G. Goll, F. Kirpekar, K.A. Maggert, J.A. Yoder, C.-L. Hsieh, X. Zhang, K.G. Golic, S.E. Jacobsen, T.H. Bestor, Methylation of tRNAAsp by the DNA methyltransferase homolog Dnmt2, Science 311 (2006) 395–398.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A.D. Chiasson, Geothermal Heat Pump and Heat Engine Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

T. Takahashi, ed., Radiological Issues for Fukushima’s Revitalized Future, Springer Japan, Tokyo, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

J. Rolfe, J. Bennett, G. Kerr, Applied Benefit Transfer: An Australian and New Zealand Policy Perspective, in: R.J. Johnston, J. Rolfe, R.S. Rosenberger, R. Brouwer (Eds.), Benefit Transfer of Environmental and Resource Values: A Guide for Researchers and Practitioners, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2015: pp. 85–100.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for OpenNano.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, Shell Gets Final Permit To Allow It To Begin Drilling In The Arctic, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/environment/shell-gets-final-permit-allow-it-begin-drilling-arctic/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Comments on H.R. 6228, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1980.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

A.P. Chen, An efficient algorithm for calculating fluctuation field and simulating the thermal magnetic aftereffect, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Kenigsberg, Naughty Boy: Mommy Issues Explain a Lot, New York Times (2016) C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	OpenNano
Abbreviation	OpenNano
ISSN (print)	2352-9520
Scope	Biotechnology Internal Medicine Pharmacology (medical) Pharmaceutical Science