How to format your references using the Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Nadis S. Astronomers reveal the secrets of the name game. Nature. 2000;406:819.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Stein S, Okal EA. Seismology: speed and size of the Sumatra earthquake. Nature. 2005;434:581–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Sang L, Coller HA, Roberts JM. Control of the reversibility of cellular quiescence by the transcriptional repressor HES1. Science. 2008;321:1095–100.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Johnson PA, Savage H, Knuth M, Gomberg J, Marone C. Effects of acoustic waves on stick-slip in granular media and implications for earthquakes. Nature. 2008;451:57–60.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Pohanish RP. HazMat Data. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

1. Murphy N, Ellis GFR, O’Connor T, editors. Downward Causation and the Neurobiology of Free Will. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Richards H. Influence and Incentives in Financial Institution Supervision. In: Kellermann AJ, de Haan J, de Vries F, editors. Financial Supervision in the 21st Century. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 73–102.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Human Pathogen Found in Gray Seal Pups. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Status of Trident and SSN-688 Submarine Construction. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1983 Feb. Report No.: MASAD-83-10.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Kerr AB. Exploring relationship awareness in organizational change using the Strength Deployment Inventory [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Yablonsky L. Imps of the Perverse. New York Times. 2011 Sep 11;M250.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards
ISSN (online)	2363-7501
Scope