How to format your references using the Ocean Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ocean Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Powell, K.: Save now, don’t pay later, Nature, 433, 336–337, 2005.

A journal article with 2 authors

Digicaylioglu, M. and Lipton, S. A.: Erythropoietin-mediated neuroprotection involves cross-talk between Jak2 and NF-kappaB signalling cascades, Nature, 412, 641–647, 2001.

A journal article with 3 authors

Semenov, V., Dyadechkin, S., and Punsly, B.: Simulations of jets driven by black hole rotation, Science, 305, 978–980, 2004.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Prucca, C. G., Slavin, I., Quiroga, R., Elías, E. V., Rivero, F. D., Saura, A., Carranza, P. G., and Luján, H. D.: Antigenic variation in Giardia lamblia is regulated by RNA interference, Nature, 456, 750–754, 2008.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Douglas, J. and Noy, E. A.: Building Surveys and Reports, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2010.

An edited book

Yülek, M. (Ed.): Economic Planning and Industrial Policy in the Globalizing Economy: Concepts, Experience and Prospects, Springer International Publishing, Cham, XXV, 395 p. 41 illus., 21 illus. in color pp., 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Hersh, R. G., Caligor, E., and Yeomans, F. E.: Transference-Focused Psychotherapy (TFP) Principles in Inpatient Psychiatry, in: Fundamentals of Transference-Focused Psychotherapy: Applications in Psychiatric and Medical Settings, edited by: Caligor, E. and Yeomans, F. E., Springer International Publishing, Cham, 121–156, 2016.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ocean Science.

Blog post

Watch Live As Elon Musk Reveals His Plan To Colonize Mars: https://www.iflscience.com/space/watch-live-as-elon-musk-reveals-his-plan-to-colonize-mars/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Month In Review: December 1998: Reports, Testimony, Correspondence, and Other Publications, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Garcia, M.: College preparedness program for high school students in South Los Angeles, California: A grant proposal, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander, S.: Capriati Moves On, Calmly, New York Times, 29th August, D4, 2000.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Powell, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Digicaylioglu and Lipton, 2001; Powell, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Digicaylioglu and Lipton, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Prucca et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ocean Science
Abbreviation	Ocean Sci.
ISSN (print)	1812-0784
ISSN (online)	1812-0792
Scope	Oceanography Palaeontology