How to format your references using the Ocean Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ocean Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lazic, S.E., 2013. Comment on “Stress in puberty unmasks latent neuropathological consequences of prenatal immune activation in mice.” Science 340, 811.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lucas, D., Frenette, P.S., 2014. Stem cells: Reprogramming finds its niche. Nature 511, 301–302.

A journal article with 3 authors

Johnson, S.C., Rabinovitch, P.S., Kaeberlein, M., 2013. mTOR is a key modulator of ageing and age-related disease. Nature 493, 338–345.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Rombouts, I., Lagrain, B., Brunnbauer, M., Delcour, J.A., Koehler, P., 2013. Improved identification of wheat gluten proteins through alkylation of cysteine residues and peptide-based mass spectrometry. Sci. Rep. 3, 2279.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mowlaee, P., Kulmer, J., Stahl, J., Mayer, F., 2017. Single Channel Phase-Aware Signal Processing in Speech Communication: Theory and Practice. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Del Bo, A., Bignami, D.F. (Eds.), 2014. Sustainable Social, Economic and Environmental Revitalization in Multan City: A Multidisciplinary Italian–Pakistani Project, Research for Development. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Black, A.P., Bruce, K.B., Noble, J., 2016. The Essence of Inheritance, in: Lindley, S., McBride, C., Trinder, P., Sannella, D. (Eds.), A List of Successes That Can Change the World: Essays Dedicated to Philip Wadler on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 73–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ocean Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. It Turns Out There’s Truth To ‘Dead Battery Bounce’ After All [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/physics/it-turns-out-there-s-truth-dead-battery-bounce-after-all/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1998. Balancing Flexibility and Accountability: Grant Program Design in Education and Other Areas (No. T-GGD/HEHS-98-94). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Short, D.D., 2009. Assessing effectiveness and economic efficiency in California Community College transfer advising (Doctoral dissertation). Northcentral University, Scottsdale, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W., 2016. House Republicans Advance Plan to Rescue Puerto Rico. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lazic, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Lazic, 2013; Lucas and Frenette, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lucas and Frenette, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Rombouts et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ocean Engineering
Abbreviation	Ocean Eng.
ISSN (print)	0029-8018
Scope	Ocean Engineering Environmental Engineering